Measuring early childhood development with The Early Human Capability Index (eHCI): a reliability and validity study in China

Table 5 Correlations between the scores of eHCI and other ECD metrics

	Measure	Site	Year	N	Raw correlation
	Measure	Site	Year	N	r	P value
Overall development	ASQ	Yexian	2016	1918	0.53	< 0.001
	ASQ:SE	Shanghai	2016	16,478	−0.42	< 0.001
	SDQ	Shanghai	2016	20,277	−0.45	< 0.001
	EAP-ECDS	Daming	2018	1199	0.364	< 0.001
Numeracy and literacy	ASQ	Yexian	2016	1918	0.1254	< 0.001
	ASQ:SE	Shanghai	2016	16,477	−0.24	< 0.001
	SDQ	Shanghai	2016	20,276	−0.26	< 0.001
	EAP-ECDS	Daming	2018	1199	0.445	< 0.001

Notes: EHCI Early Human Capability Index, ECD Early Child Development, ASQ Age & Stages Questionnaire, ASQ:SE Age & Stages Questionnaire: Social Emotional, SDQ Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, EAP-ECDS East Asia-Pacific Early Child Development Scales
The SDQ and the ASQ:SE higher scores represent children with greater development problems, which is opposite to how the other measures are coded

ISSN: 1471-2431