Table 3 Multinomial multivariate regression models for IDA and non-IDA
From: Iron deficiency anaemia among 6-to-36-month children from northern Angola
Independent variables | Non anemic | IDA | p | Non-IDA | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR (IC95%) | OR (IC95%) | |||||
Total population (1) | ||||||
Age | < 6 months | 1 | Ref | Ref | ||
6–23 months | 7.4 (2.87, 19.11) | < 0.001 | 0.7 (0.43, 1.15) | 0.166 | ||
24–36 months | 2.0 (0.73, 5.53) | 0.180 | 0.5 (0.27, 0.80) | 0.006 | ||
Children’s gender | Female | 1 | Ref | Ref | ||
Male | 2.0 (1.32, 2.91) | 0.001 | 1.3 (0.87, 1.81) | 0.216 | ||
Zinc | Normal | 1 | Ref | Ref | ||
Deficiency | 1.6 (0.67, 3.61) | 0.306 | 3.2 (1.64, 6.25) | 0.001 | ||
Overload | 0.8 (0.47, 1.26) | 0.300 | 0.6 (0.36, 0.96) | 0.033 | ||
P. falciparum | No | 1 | Ref | Ref | ||
Yes | 1.3 (0.26, 6.81) | 0.733 | 3.1 (1.05, 9.42) | 0.041 | ||
Inflammation | No | 1 | Ref | Ref | ||
Malarial Inflammation | 3.8 (0.56, 25.70) | 0.174 | 1.8 (0.44, 7.36) | 0.415 | ||
Non-malarial Inflammation | 2.4 (1.62, 3.65) | < 0.001 | 1.3 (0.90, 1.94) | 0.157 | ||
Sickle cell (HBB genotype) | AA | 1 | Ref | Ref | ||
AS | 1.00 (0.59, 1.55) | 0.853 | 1.6 (1.03, 2.35) | 0.035 | ||
SS | 1.2 (0.10, 13.54) | 0.904 | 16.6 (3.56, 77.04) | < 0.001 | ||
Children under 6 month (2) | ||||||
Age | Continuous variable | 1 | – | – | 1.3 (1.02, 1.57) | 0.031 |
Normal | 1 | – | – | Ref | ||
Zinc | Deficiency | – | – | 1.1 (0.20, 5.85) | 0.927 | |
Overload | – | – | 0.3 (0.12, 0.73) | 0.008 | ||
Children 6 to 23 months (3) | ||||||
Gender | Female | 1 | ||||
Male | 2.1 (1.34, 3.27) | 0.001 | 1.3 (0.78, 2.10) | 0.321 | ||
Continued breastfeeding | No | 1 | ||||
Yes | 1.9 (1.11, 3.13) | 0.019 | 1.6 (0.92, 2.90) | 0.095 | ||
Zinc | Normal | 1 | ||||
Deficiency | 1.4 (0.42, 4.48) | 0.604 | 4.4 (1.55, 12.28) | 0.005 | ||
Overload | 0.8 (0.44, 1.30) | 0.307 | 0.7 (0.35, 1.27) | 0.221 | ||
Inflammation | No | 1 | ||||
Malarial Inflammation | 2.3 (0.43, 11.95) | 0.331 | 9.1 (2.34, 35.71) | 0.001 | ||
Non-malarial Inflammation | 2.2 (1.42, 3.47) | < 0.001 | 1.5 (0.90, 2.48) | 0.119 | ||
Children 24 to 36 months (4) | ||||||
Age | Continuous variable | 1 | 0.9 (0.77, 0.98) | 0.020 | 1.0 (0.955, 1.13) | 0.408 |
Zinc | Normal | 1 | ||||
Deficiency | 1.4 (0.38, 5.28) | 0.609 | 3.6 (1.41, 9.09) | 0.007 | ||
Overload | 1.0 (0.26, 4.14) | 0.960 | 0.7 (0.23, 2.35) | 0.605 | ||
Stunting | Normal | 1 | ||||
Moderate to severe | 2.6 (1.09, 6.20) | 0.031 | 1.2 (0.60, 2.23) | 0.675 | ||
Inflammation | No | |||||
Malarial Inflammation | 1 | 18.2 (3.55, 92.76) | < 0.001 | 2.3 (0.54, 9.94) | 0.262 | |
Non-malarial Inflammation | 4.0 (1.45, 11.01) | 0.007 | 0.4 (0.21, 0.90) | 0.024 | ||