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Table 5 Four Groups with Different Combinations of Early Life Trauma and Recent Life Stressors: MANCOVA results

From: Exploring the stress sensitization theory with temperamentally inhibited children: a population-based study

Mid childhood internalizing symptoms

df

F

Wilks’ λ

p

Parent report

 Wave 1 (age 7–8 years)

6, 802

1.49

0.98

0.176

 Wave 2 (age 8–9 years)

6, 798

3.58

0.05a

0.002

 Wave 3 (age 9–10 years)

6, 814

3.58

0.51a

0.002

Child report

 Wave 1 (age 7–8 years)

6, 732

1.64

0.97

0.133

 Wave 2 (age 8–9 years)

6, 740

1.38

0.98

0.219

 Wave 3 (age 9–10 years)

6, 756

1.30

0.02a

0.254

  1. Controlling for preschool inhibition severity and prevention trial arm status
  2. aPillai’s trace is reported rather than Wilks’ λ (Box’s M indicated violation of the assumption of homogeneity of covariance)