|
Characteristics
|
Unadjusted odds ratios
|
95% CI
|
P value
|
Adjusted odds ratios
|
95% CI
|
P value
|
|---|
|
Family size
|
|
1–5 member/s (Ref)
|
1
| | |
1
| | |
|
5 or more members
|
3.07
|
(1.24–7.64)
|
0.02
|
3.96
|
(1.23–12.71)
|
0.02
|
|
Number of children
|
|
1–2 (Ref)
|
1
| | |
1
| | |
|
3 or more
|
3.46
|
(1.47–8.10)
|
0.004
|
4.92
|
(0.24–100.1)
|
0.30
|
|
Ethnicity
|
|
Relatively advantaged (Brahmin/Chhetri) (Ref)
|
1
| | |
1
| | |
|
Relatively disadvantaged (Janajati/Muslims)
|
4.35
|
(0.92–20.47)
|
0.06
|
1.20
|
(0.12–12.23)
|
0.88
|
|
Madhesi and other unidentified
|
9.61
|
(2.10–43.98)
|
< 0.01
|
3.18
|
(0.30–33.84)
|
0.34
|
|
Toilet facility
|
|
Yes (Ref)
|
1
| | |
1
| | |
|
No
|
4.45
|
(1.88–10.54)
|
< 0.00
|
1.54
|
(0.48–4.96)
|
0.47
|
|
Kitchen garden
|
|
Yes (Ref)
|
1
| | |
1
| | |
|
No
|
3.17
|
(1.28–7.90)
|
< 0.01
|
2.56
|
(0.82–8.00)
|
0.11
|
|
Food Insecurity
|
|
Food secure (Ref)
|
1
| | |
1
| | |
|
Mildly food insecure
|
2.44
|
(0.62–9.59)
|
0.20
|
1.30
|
(0.26–6.53)
|
0.75
|
|
Moderate food insecure
|
3.09
|
(0.97–9.83)
|
0.06
|
0.58
|
(0.13–2.52)
|
0.46
|
|
Severely food insecure
|
5.40
|
(1.86–15.72)
|
< 0.01
|
4.04
|
(1.12–14.61)
|
0.03
|
|
Child factors
|
|
Child age (months)
|
|
6–12
|
4.82
|
(1.25–18.64)
|
0.02
|
12.10
|
(2.06–71.09)
|
< 0.01
|
|
12–23
|
5.15
|
(1.42–18.65)
|
< 0.01
|
6.61
|
(1.24–35.25)
|
0.03
|
|
24–59 (Ref)
|
1
| | |
1
| | |
|
Birth Order
|
|
1 (Ref)
|
1
| | |
1
| | |
|
2
|
3.15
|
(0.93–10.69)
|
0.066
|
4.09
|
(0.99–16.87)
|
0.05
|
|
3 or more
|
6.30
|
(1.95–20.39)
|
< 0.01
|
0.64
|
(0.03–15.14)
|
0.78
|
|
Maternal factors
|
|
Mother’s education
|
|
No education
|
4.89
|
(0.99–24.27)
|
0.05
|
0.34
|
(0.026–4.59)
|
0.42
|
|
Literate
|
7.13
|
(1.38–36.82)
|
0.02
|
0.57
|
(0.04–7.80)
|
0.68
|
|
Primary
|
4.10
|
(0.77–21.80)
|
0.10
|
0.91
|
(0.08–10.18)
|
0.94
|
|
Secondary
|
1.25
|
(0.21–7.64)
|
0.81
|
0.54
|
(0.052–5.61)
|
0.61
|
|
Higher (Ref)
|
1
| | |
1
| | |
|
Exclusive breastfeeding
|
|
Yes (Ref)
|
1
| | |
1
| | |
|
No
|
0.19
|
(0.043–0.82)
|
0.03
|
0.38
|
(0.070–2.03)
|
0.26
|
- Ref. Reference Category, Statistically significant at p < 0.05
- a Estimates are adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals from logistic regression
