Table 2 Univariate Analysis from the Derivation Dataset
Characteristic | Cases (%) (n = 207) | Controls (%) (n = 605) | OR | 95% CI | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Maternal age, years | 0.05 | ||||
< 20 | 11% | 7% | 1.92 | 1.06–3.48 | |
21–29 | 59% | 68% | 1 | ||
≥ 30 | 30% | 26% | 1.37 | 0.93–2.01 | |
Parity | 0.05 | ||||
1 | 45% | 53% | 1 | ||
≥ 2 | 55% | 47% | 1.37 | 1.0–1.89 | |
Admission Age, hours | 0.07 | ||||
≤ 1 | 58% | 51% | 1 | ||
> 1 | 42% | 49% | 0.75 | 0.54–1.03 | |
Gender | 0.79 | ||||
Male | 61% | 60% | 1 | ||
Female | 39% | 40% | 0.96 | 0.69–1.32 | |
Gestational Age, weeks | < 0.001 | ||||
≥ 37 | 42% | 74% | 1 | ||
32–36 | 25% | 24% | 1.86 | 1.26–2.79 | |
< 32 | 34% | 3% | 21.4 | 12.0–38.1 | |
Birthweight, grams | < 0.001 | ||||
≥ 2500 | 34% | 65% | 1 | ||
1500–2499 | 35% | 32% | 2.13 | 1.47–3.08 | |
< 1500 | 31% | 3% | 19.3 | 10.9–34.2 | |
Onset of Labor | 0.11 | ||||
Spontaneous | 97% | 94% | 1 | ||
Induced | 3% | 6% | 0.51 | 0.21–1.23 | |
Delivery | 0.07 | ||||
Vaginal | 75% | 69% | 1 | ||
C-section | 25% | 31% | 0.72 | 0.50–1.03 | |
Antenatal Care | 92% | 95% | 0.54 | 0.29–1.00 | 0.06 |
Maternal HIV positive | 4% | 4% | 1.18 | 0.51–2.71 | 0.70 |
Suctioned at Delivery | 27% | 17% | 1.77 | 1.21–2.56 | 0.003 |
Bag & Mask at Delivery | 28% | 13% | 2.46 | 1.67–3.61 | < 0.001 |
Intubated at Delivery | 5% | 2% | 2.51 | 1.07–5.90 | 0.04 |
CPAP on admission | 59% | 10% | 13.8 | 9.37–20.34 | < 0.001 |
Admission Heart Rate | < 0.001 | ||||
< 100 | 5% | 0.005% | 12.0 | 3.31–45.6 | |
100–160 | 81% | 90% | 1 | ||
> 160 | 14% | 9% | 1.73 | 1.07–2.80 | |
Admission Respiratory Rate | < 0.001 | ||||
< 30 | 10% | 1% | 9.06 | 3.88–21.2 | |
30–60 | 50% | 62% | 1 | ||
> 60 | 40% | 36% | 1.37 | 0.98–1.91 | |
Admission Temperature, Celsius | < 0.001 | ||||
< 36.0 | 83% | 58% | 7.10 | 3.53–14.29 | |
36.0–36.4 | 6% | 13% | 2.22 | 0.90–5.51 | |
36.5–37.5 | 4% | 21% | 1 | ||
> 37.5 | 6% | 7% | 4.17 | 1.67–10.42 | |
Admission Respiratory Distress | < 0.001 | ||||
None | 15% | 61% | 1 | ||
Mild | 5% | 9% | 2.53 | 1.20–5.35 | |
Moderate | 40% | 25% | 6.75 | 4.27–10.7 | |
Severe | 40% | 6% | 28.1 | 16.4–48.3 | |
Admission Level of Consciousness | < 0.001 | ||||
Alert | 59% | 92% | 1 | ||
Irritable | 4% | 2% | 3.38 | 1.39–8.19 | |
Lethargic | 27% | 6% | 7.21 | 4.53–11.5 | |
Comatose | 9% | 1% | 21.4 | 7.15–64.0 | |
Gestational Size | 0.86 | ||||
Small for Gestational Age | 32% | 33% | 1 | ||
Appropriate for Gestational Age | 62% | 62% | 1.01 | 0.72–1.43 | |
Large for Gestational Age | 6% | 5% | 1.21 | 0.61–2.45 | |
Head Size | 0.65 | ||||
Microcephalic | 8% | 6% | 1 | ||
Normocephalic | 59% | 62% | 0.77 | 0.41–1.47 | |
Macrocephalic | 33% | 31% | 0.87 | 0.45–1.70 |