Table 1 Prevalence of sociodemographic characteristics and original and expanded Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) among parents and adolescents in the sample
Characteristic | Parents (n = 1000) | Adolescents (n = 1002) |
|---|---|---|
Sex, | ||
Male | 13.5 | 48.3 |
Female | 86.5 | 51.7 |
Age,mean (SD) | 45.2 (6.0) | 15.3 (1.1) |
Ethnicity, | ||
White only | 68.6 | 59.1 |
White and another | 10.2 | 20.7 |
Other/multi-ethnicity | 21.2 | 20.3 |
Household Incomea,% | ||
$49,999 or less | 20.9 | – |
$50,000 to $99,999 | 36.9 | – |
$100,000 to $149,999 | 23.3 | – |
$150,000 or more | 18.9 | – |
Original ACEs,% | ||
Physical abuse | 22.2 | NA |
Sexual abuse | 27.0 | NA |
Emotional abuse | 17.0 | 22.8 |
Physical neglect | 25.3 | NA |
Emotional neglect | 14.0 | 7.5 |
Exposure to IPV | 12.6 | 23.5 |
Household substance abuse | 30.4 | 16.5 |
Household mental illness | 32.7 | 37.8 |
Parental separation or divorce | 23.5 | 27.8 |
Parental trouble with police | 8.6 | 10.2 |
Potential Expanded ACEs,% | ||
Spanking | 45.3 | 30.7 |
Peer victimization | 45.6 | 24.1 |
Parental gambling | 6.3 | 3.7 |
Foster care or CPO contact | 7.4 | 13.9 |
Poverty | 40.0 | 21.5 |
Neighbourhood safety | NA | 3.6 |
Self-Rated Health | ||
Fair/Poor Physical Health | 16.1% | 19.5% |
Fair/Poor Mental Health | 17.3% | 33.2% |