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Table 5 Crude and adjusted OR between Individual and Contextual factors and Cluster Membership (n = 3166)

From: Clustering of health-related behaviours and its relationship with individual and contextual factors in Portuguese adolescents: results from a cross-sectional study

Variables (reference class)

 

Cluster Membership (reference cluster: Healthy)

 

OR (CI 95%)

Active Screen users

Substance users

Inactive low fruit and vegetable eaters

Age

Crude OR

1,16 (1,10-1,22)

p< 0,001

1,87 (1,72-2,03)

p< 0,001

1,12 (1,07-1,19)

p< 0,001

a1

1,17 (1,11-1,24)

p = 0,002

1,89 (1,74-2,05)

p< 0,001

1,13 (1,07-1,19)

p< 0,001

b

1,10 (1,04-1,17)

p < 0,001

1,92 (1,74-2,12)

p< 0,001

1,09 (1,03-1,16)

p= 0,006

Male gender (female)

Crude OR

2,22 (1,09-1,69)

p= 0,003

1,69 (1,50-2,12)

p< 0,001

1,24 (0,67-1,97)

p= 0,002

a2

2,27 (1,89-2,72)

p= 0,004

1,86 (1,47-2,35)

p< 0,001

1,26 (1,05-1,52)

p = 0,013

b

2,15 (1,73-2,65)

p< 0,001

1,24 (0,94-1,64)

p = 0,131

1,39 (1,12-1,72)

p= 0,002

Overweight/ obesity

(normal weight)

Crude OR

1,16 (0,94-1,43)

p = 0,171

0,94 (0,72-1,23)

p = 0,662

1,17 (0,94-1,44)

p = 0,152

Medium-to-low FAS (High)

Crude OR

1,06 (0,87-1,26)

p = 0,534

0,97 (0,77-1,21)

p = 0,761

1,70 (1,40-2,04)

p< 0,001

a

1,09 (0,91-1,30)

p = 0,372

0,97 (0,77-1,23)

p = 0,802

1,71 (1,42-2,06)

p< 0,001

b

0,98 (0,81-1,23)

p = 0,841

0,89 (0,68-1,16)

p = 0,382

1,54 (1,26-1,88)

p< 0,001

Other family typology (living with both parents)

Crude OR

1,27 (1,02-1,59)

p= 0,032

1,80 (1,38-2,33)

p< 0,001

1,29 (1,03-1,61)

p= 0,027

a

1,27 (1,01-1,58)

p= 0,041

1,81 (1,38-2,39)

p< 0,001

1,29 (1,03-1,62)

p= 0,027

b

1,20 (0,93-1,53)

p = 0,149

1,54 (1,12-2,10)

p= 0,007

1,21 (0,95-1,55)

p = 0,127

Poor or mixed family communication (good)

Crude OR

1,33 (1,10-1,59)

p= 0,003

2,00 (1,56-2,52)

p< 0,001

1,40 (1,16-1,68)

p< 0,001

a

1,48 (1,22-1,79)

p< 0,001

1,78 (1,39-2,27)

p< 0,001

1,40 (1,16-1,70)

p= 0,001

b

1,36 (1,11-1,67)

p= 0,003

1,45 (1,11-1,90)

p= 0,007

1,26 (1,03-1,54)

p= 0,028

Dislike school (like)

Crude OR

2,56 (2,01-3,25)

p< 0,001

4,25 (3,24-5,59)

p< 0,001

1,60 (1,25-2,07)

p< 0,001

a

2,30 (1,81-2,94)

p< 0,001

3,70 (2,79-4,91)

p< 0,001

1,53 (1,18-1,97)

p= 0,001

b

1,88 (1,45-2,45)

p< 0,001

2,40(1,75-3,29)

p< 0,001

1,22 (0,92-1,61)

p = 0,172

Average or below Academic Achievement (good)

Crude OR

1,65 (1,38-1,97)

p< 0,001

2,36 (1,88-2,96)

p< 0,001

1,85 (1,55-2,21)

p< 0,001

a

1,57 (1,31-1,88)

p< 0,001

1,94 (1,53-2,46)

p< 0,001

1,78 (1,48-2,14)

p< 0,001

b

1,37 (1,13-1,88)

p= 0,001

1,56 (1,19-2,03)

p= 0,001

1,62 (1,33-1,97)

p< 0,001

Evenings with friends

Crude OR

1,39 (1,22-1,46)

p< 0,001

1,73 (1,58-1,90)

p< 0,001

0,97 (0,88-1,08)

p = 0,581

a

1,24 (1,13-1,34)

p< 0,001

1,63 (1,48-1,79)

p< 0,001

0,93 (0,84-1,03)

p = 0,165

b

1,17 (1,06-1,28)

p< 0,001

1,50 (1,35-1,67)

p< 0,001

0,92 (0,82-1,02)

p = 0,118

Been bullied (no)

Crude OR

1,44 (1,20-1,73)

p< 0,001

1,42 (1,13-1,80)

p= 0,003

1,18 (0,98-1,42)

p = 0,084

a

1,36 (1,13-1,64)

p< 0,001

1,58 (1,25-2,03)

p< 0,001

1,18 (0,98-1,43)

p = 0,083

b

 

 

 

Bullied others (no)

Crude OR

1,95 (1,60-2,38)

p< 0,001

2,88 (2,27-3,65)

p< 0,001

1,29 (1,05-1,59)

p= 0,015

a

1,81 (1,48-2,22)

p< 0,001

3,35 (2,59-4,32)

p< 0,001

1,29 (1,05-1,59)

p= 0,017

b

1,62 (1,29-2,03)

p< 0,001

2,27 (1,70-3,03)

p< 0,001

1,29 (1,03-1,64)

p = 0,058

Participation in fights (no)

Crude OR

1,61 (1,30-1,98)

p< 0,001

3,16 (2,48-4,04)

p< 0,001

0,98 (0,78-1,23)

p = 0,856

a

1,34 (1,08-1,68)

p< 0,001

3,84 (2,93-5,04)

p< 0,001

0,98 (0,94-1,19)

p = 0,592

b

0,99 (0,76-1,26)

p = 0,906

2,43 (1,79-3,30)

p< 0,001

0,85 (0,65-1,10)

p = 0,218

  1. (a) adjusted for individual factors (age and sex); (a1) adjusted for gender, (a2) adjusted for age
  2. (b) adjusted for individual + contextual factors (FAS, family structure and family communication, school attachment, academic achievement, evenings with friends, bullied others, participation in fights)
  3. FAS Family Affluence Scale