Table 5 Association between explanatory variables and survival of neonates after undergoing neonatal resuscitation in Ethiopia, EmONC Survey, 2016 (N = 555)
From: Quality of neonatal resuscitation in Ethiopia: implications for the survival of neonates
Characteristics | Survival of neonate’s at time of discharge, n (%) | OR(95%CI) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Survive | Not survive | Crude | Adjusted | |
Professional Cadre | ||||
MD/HO | 12 (75.0) | 4 (25.0) | 0.39 (0.081.80) | |
Midwives | 420 (83.3) | 84 (16.7) | 0.65(.22–1.88) | |
Nurses | 31 (88.6) | 4 (11.4) | NS | |
Provider work experience in years | ||||
< 2 | 202 (83.1) | 41 (16.9) | 0.75 (0.35–1.57) | |
2–5 | 195 (82.6) | 41 (17.4) | 0.72(.34–1.52) | |
> 5 | 66 (86.8) | 10 (13.2) | NS | |
Age of provider in completed years | ||||
≤ 25 | 272 (81.4) | 62 (18.6) | 1.1 (0.30–4.0) | |
25–40 | 179 (86.9) | 27 (13.1) | 1.66(.44–6.26) | |
> 40 | 12 (80.0) | 3 (20.0) | NS | |
Sex of care provider | ||||
Female | 287 (84.2) | 54 (15.8) | 1.15(.73–1.81) | |
Male | 176 (82.2) | 38 (17.8) | NS | |
Type of resuscitation | ||||
Stimulation | 7 (77.8) | 2 (22.2) | 0.35 (0.26–4.65) | |
Bag and mask | 306 (84.1) | 58 (15.9) | 0.53 (0.07–4.20) | |
Stimulation with bag & mask | 140 (81.9) | 31 (18.1) | 0.45 (0.06–3.66) | |
Intubation (Ref) | 10 (90.9) | 1 (9.1) | NS | |
Mode of delivery | ||||
Spontaneous Vaginal | 420 (83.2) | 85 (16.8) | 1.45 (0.52–4.05) | |
Instrumental | 26 (92.9) | 2 (7.1) | 3.82 (0.66–22.0) | |
Caesarian section (Ref) | 17 (77.3) | 5 (22.7) | NS | |
Birth weight (gram) | ||||
< 2500 | 82 (77.4) | 24 (22.6) | 0.61 (0.36–1.03) | |
≥ 2500 (Ref) | 381 (84.9) | 68 (15.1) | NS | |
Duration of labor | ||||
≤ 12 h | 161 (89.9) | 18 (10.1) | 2.2 (1.26–3.81) | 1.76 (1.23–3.13) |
> 12 h (Ref) | 302 (80.3) | 74 (19.7) | ||
Gestational age (weeks) | ||||
< 37 | 47 (79.7) | 12 (20.3) | 1.3 (0.60–2.63) | 1.37 (0.61–3.10) |
≥ 37 | 304 (87.4) | 44 (12.6) | 2.2 (1.36–3.63) | 1.82 (1.09–3.04) |
Unknown (Ref) | 112 (75.7) | 36 (24.3) | ||
Mother/baby referred from another facility | ||||
Yes | 24 (82.8) | 5 (17.2) | 1.1 (0.39–2.83) | |
No (Ref) | 439 (83.5) | 87 (16.5) | NS | |
Meconium present | ||||
Yes | 85 (90.4) | 9 (9.6) | 0.48 (0.23–0.98) | |
No (Ref) | 378 (82.0) | 83 (18.0) | NS | |
Facility has separate newborn corner room | ||||
Yes | 197 (84.9) | 35 (15.1) | 1.21(.76–1.91) | |
No (Ref) | 266 (82.4) | 57 (17.6) | NS | |
Facility has separate NICU room | ||||
Yes | 69 (83.1) | 14 (16.9) | 1.03(.55–1.91) | |
No (Ref) | 394 (83.5) | 78 (16.5) | NS | |
Facility has staff rotation policy for newborn care | ||||
Yes | 207 (83.1) | 42 (16.9) | 0.96 (0.61–1.51) | |
No (Ref) | 256 (83.7) | 50 (16.3) | NS | |
Facility type | ||||
Hospitals | 91 (85.0) | 16 (15.0) | 1.2 (0.65–2.09) | |
Health centers (Ref) | 372 (83.0) | 76 (17.0) | NS | |
Facility location | ||||
Urban | 238 (84.1) | 45 (15.9) | 1.1 (0.71–1.73) | |
Rural (Ref) | 225 (82.7) | 47 (17.3) | NS | |
Operating agency | ||||
Government | 446 (83.5) | 88 (16.5) | 1.19 (0.39–3.63) | |
Private (Ref) | 17 (81.0) | 4 (19.0) | NS | |
Facility has care providers trained on NR | ||||
Yes | 393 (83.4) | 78 (16.6) | 1.01 (0.54–1.88) | |
No (Ref) | 70 (83.3) | 14 (16.7) | NS | |
Availability of essential medicine and commodities | 463 (83.4) | 92 (16.6) | 0.96 (0.81–1.14) | NS |
Availability of priority equipment’s | 463 (83.4) | 92 (16.6) | 0.79 (0.64–0.98) | 1.24 (1.09–1.54) |
Infrastructure components | 136 (85.5) | 23 (14.5) | 1.1 (0.82–1.50) | NS |
Availability of neonatal resuscitation guideline | ||||
Yes | 384 (83.8) | 74 (16.2) | 1.2 (0.67–2.09) | |
No (Ref) | 79 (81.4) | 18 (18.6) | NS | |