Table 1 Characteristics of participants according to PEDS risk levels (n = 725)
| Â | PEDS Risk Level | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | Low/No | Moderate | High | Total* | p-valuea |
| Â | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | Â |
CHILD FACTORS | |||||
Sex | < 0.001 | ||||
 Female | 155 (48) | 84 (26) | 81 (25) | 320 (44) |  |
 Male | 138 (34) | 119 (29) | 148 (37) | 405 (56) |  |
Age group (years) | < 0.001 | ||||
 <  3 | 108 (56) | 54 (28) | 31 (16) | 193 (27) |  |
 3 to < 4.5 | 70 (36) | 71 (36) | 55 (28) | 196 (27) |  |
 4.5 to < 8 | 115 (34) | 78 (23) | 143 (43) | 336 (46) |  |
In utero cigarettes | 0.2 | ||||
 No | 135 (44) | 91 (30) | 79 (26) | 305 (42) |  |
 Yes | 128 (39) | 86 (26) | 112 (34) | 326 (45) |  |
In utero marijuana | 0.1 | ||||
 No | 217 (43) | 147 (29) | 139 (28) | 503 (69) |  |
 Yes | 40 (36) | 27 (24) | 44 (40) | 111 (15) |  |
Ear infection | 0.002 | ||||
 No | 145 (47) | 89 (29) | 72 (24) | 306 (42) |  |
 Yes | 91 (34) | 79 (29) | 99 (37) | 269 (37) |  |
Ever breastfed | 0.8 | ||||
 No | 112 (41) | 77 (28) | 85 (31) | 274 (38) |  |
 Yes | 147 (43) | 93 (27) | 100 (29) | 340 (47) |  |
FAMILY FACTORS | |||||
Caregiver relationship to child | 0.003 | ||||
 Parent | 263 (43) | 170 (28) | 174 (29) | 607 (84) |  |
 Other relative | 20 (34) | 13 (22) | 25 (43) | 58 (8) |  |
 Foster carer | 9 (16) | 18 (32) | 29 (52) | 56 (8) |  |
Parent/carer education | 0.4 | ||||
 University | 10 (23) | 19 (44) | 14 (33) | 43 (6) |  |
 Trade/certificate/diploma | 106 (42) | 65 (26) | 79 (32) | 250 (34) |  |
 Year 11–12 | 36 (39) | 22 (24) | 34 (37) | 92 (13) |  |
 Year 10 | 59 (42) | 37 (26) | 46 (32) | 142 (20) |  |
 < Year 10 | 56 (44) | 35 (28) | 35 (28) | 126 (17) |  |
Fortnightly household income (Australian $) | 0.6 | ||||
 ≥$2000 | 35 (47) | 21 (28) | 18 (24) | 74 (10) |  |
 $800 - $1999 | 91 (36) | 72 (28) | 93 (36) | 256 (35) |  |
 $600 - $799 | 45 (41) | 31 (28) | 33 (30) | 109 (15) |  |
 ≤ $599 | 74 (43) | 41 (24) | 56 (33) | 171 (24) |  |
Employment status | 0.9 | ||||
 Employed (full or part-time) | 69 (42) | 47 (28) | 50 (30) | 166 (23) |  |
 Unemployed/home duties/retired | 203 (40) | 137 (27) | 164 (33) | 504 (70) |  |
Government financial supportb | 0.3 | ||||
 None | 33 (49) | 18 (27) | 16 (24) | 67 (9) |  |
 Family/parent/age only | 227 (42) | 147 (27) | 172 (32) | 546 (75) |  |
 Disability/sickness/unemployment | 19 (29) | 20 (30) | 27 (41) | 66 (9) |  |
Carer allowancec | < 0.001 | ||||
 No | 259 (43) | 168 (28) | 172 (29) | 599 (83) |  |
 Yes | 20 (25) | 17 (21) | 43 (54) | 80 (11) |  |
Parent/carer psychological distress (K10 score ≥ 22) | 0.048 | ||||
 No | 224 (43) | 136 (26) | 157 (30) | 517 (71) |  |
 Yes | 37 (31) | 32 (27) | 51 (43) | 120 (17) |  |
Parent/carer removal from family | 0.1 | ||||
 No | 254 (42) | 167 (28) | 183 (30) | 604 (83) |  |
 Yes | 8 (22) | 11 (31) | 17 (47) | 36 (5) |  |
SOCIAL FACTORS | |||||
Housing | 0.9 | ||||
 Own/mortgage | 47 (42) | 26 (23) | 39 (35) | 112 (15) |  |
 Rent | 54 (39) | 37 (27) | 48 (35) | 139 (19) |  |
 Public housing | 168 (41) | 114 (28) | 124 (31) | 406 (56) |  |
People/bedrooms | 0.2 | ||||
 ≤1 | 64 (43) | 43 (29) | 41 (28) | 148 (20) |  |
 1–2 | 129 (37) | 102 (29) | 117 (34) | 348 (48) |  |
 ≥2 | 74 (47) | 32 (20) | 53 (33) | 159 (22) |  |
Number of housing problem domains reported | 0.1 | ||||
 0 | 103 (47) | 55 (25) | 63 (29) | 221 (30) |  |
 1 | 49 (36) | 48 (36) | 38 (28) | 135 (19) |  |
 2 | 43 (38) | 24 (21) | 45 (40) | 112 (15) |  |
 3+ | 82 (40) | 57 (28) | 68 (33) | 207 (29) |  |
Number of houses lived in | < 0.001 | ||||
 1 | 93 (53) | 53 (30) | 29 (17) | 175 (24) |  |
 2 | 65 (44) | 42 (28) | 42 (28) | 149 (21) |  |
 3 | 31 (31) | 32 (32) | 37 (37) | 100 (14) |  |
 4+ | 25 (23) | 28 (25) | 58 (52) | 111 (15) |  |