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Table 3 Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis of the association between food groups and stunting, wasting and underweight

From: The influence of dietary diversity on the nutritional status of children between 6 and 23 months of age in Tanzania

Variable

Stunting (HAZ < -2SD)

Wasting (WHZ < -2SD)

Underweight (WAZ < -2SD)

Crude

Modela

Crude

Modela

Crude

Modela

OR (95% CI)

AOR (95% CI)

OR (95% CI)

AOR (95% CI)

OR (95% CI)

AOR (95% CI)

FOOD GROUPS

 Grains roots and tubers

  YES

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

  NO

0.89 (0.67–1.17)

1.05 (0.78–1.41)

1.59 (1.01–2.52)*

1.62 (1.02–2.58)*

1.22 (0.86–1.72)

1.34 (0.94–1.90)

 Legumes and nuts

  YES

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

  NO

0.9 (0.77–1.06)

0.96 (0.81–1.14)

1.4 (1.0–1.96)*

1.38 (0.98–1.94)

1.1 (0.87–1.35)

1.1 (0.89–1.39)

 Milk and Dairy products

  YES

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

  NO

1.38 (1.13–1.67)**

1.34 (1.09–1.63)**

1.26 (0.85–1.86)

1.24 (0.83–1.83)

1.26 (0.97–1.64)

1.22 (0.94–1.59)

 Meat and flesh

  YES

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

  NO

1.07 (0.91–1.26)

1.27 (1.07–1.53)**

1.0 (0.73–1.38)

0.97 (0.7–1.34)

0.98 (0.79–1.22)

1.04 (0.89–1.3)

 Eggs

  YES

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

  NO

1.37 (0.99–1.89)

1.46 (1.05–2.03)*

1.92 (0.89–4.15)

1.95 (0.9–4.23)

2.1 (1.24–3.52)**

2.1 (1.29–3.69)**

 Vitamin A rich fruits and vegetables

  YES

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

  NO

0.93 (0.79–1.1)

1.18 (0.99–1.41)

1.29 (0.95–1.76)

1.29 (0.94–1.78)

1.29 (1.04–1.59)*

1.46 (1.17–1.83)**

 Other fruits and vegetables

  YES

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

  NO

1.01 (0.83–1.22)

1.07 (0.88–1.31)

0.88 (0.61–1.26)

0.9 (0.63–1.29)

1.06 (0.82–1.37)

1.11 (0.86–1.44)

  1. **P < .01, *P < .05; aAdjusted for age, gender, diarrhea and fever; CI confidence interval, OR Odds ratio, AOR Adjusted Odds ratio, Ref reference category, HAZ Height-for-Age Z-scores, WHZ Weight-for-Height Z-scores, WAZ Weight-for-Age Z-scores, SD Standard deviation