Table 3 Admission characteristics (n = 1106) at two children’s hospitals in South Africa, 2015
From: Serious adverse drug reactions at two children’s hospitals in South Africa
All admissions (n = 1106) | Admissions with ADR(s) (any seriousness) (n = 120) | Admissions without ADR(s) (n = 986) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Hospital | ||||
RCWMCH | 886 (80%) | 100 (83%) | 786 (80%) | P = 0.349c |
RMMCH | 220 (20%) | 20 (17%) | 200 (20%) | |
Type of admission | ||||
Acute admission | 998 (90%) | 113 (94%) | 885 (90%) | P = 0.124c |
Elective admission | 108 (9.8%) | 7 (5.8%) | 101 (10%) | |
Admission ward | ||||
Short-stay ward only | 514 (46%) | 28 (23%) | 486 (49%) | P < 0.001c |
Medical wards, not ICUa | 459 (42%) | 60 (50%) | 399 (40%) | |
Any time spent in ICU | 133 (12%) | 32 (27%) | 101 (10%) | |
Duration of stay observed (censored at study end) (n = 1105)b | ||||
1 day | 72 (6.5%) | 2 (1.7%) | 70 (7.1%) | P < 0.001c |
2 to 3 days | 541 (49%) | 27 (23%) | 514 (52%) | |
4 to 6 days | 229 (21%) | 20 (17%) | 209 (21%) | |
≥ 7 days | 263 (24%) | 71 (59%) | 192 (19%) | |
Median (days) | 3 | 8 | 3 | P < 0.0001e |
Interquartile range (days) | 2 to 6 | 4 to 13 | 2 to 5 | |
Range (days) | 1 to 34 | 1 to 34 | 1 to 34 | |
Total stay observed (patient-days) | 5744 | 1198 | 4546 | |
Type of exit (n = 1105)b | ||||
Discharged / transferred out | 1038 (94%) | 100 (83%) | 938 (95%) | P < 0.001d |
Died | 13 (1.2%) | 2 (1.7%) | 11 (1.1%) | |
Censored (remained in-hospital by end of observation period) | 54 (4.9%) | 18 (15%) | 36 (3.7%) | |
Drug exposure over 30-day period before admission | ||||
No drug history documented in folder | 226 (20%) | 12 (10%) | 214 (22%) | P < 0.001c |
No drugs | 130 (12%) | 7 (5.8%) | 123 (12%) | |
Had ≥1 drug(s) | 750 (68%) | 101 (84%) | 649 (66%) | |
Median background drug count | 2 (n = 880) | 4 (n = 108) | 2 (n = 772) | P < 0.0001e |
Interquartile range | 1 to 4 | 2 to 7 | 1 to 4 | |
Range | 0 to 47 | 0 to 42 | 0 to 47 | |
Drug exposure during admission (n = 1105)b | ||||
No drugs | 69 (6.2%) | 2 (1.7%) | 67 (6.8%) | P = 0.028c |
Had ≥1 drug(s) | 1036 (94%) | 118 (98%) | 918 (93%) | |
Median in-hospital drug count | 4 (n = 1105) | 11 (n = 120) | 4 (n = 985) | P < 0.0001e |
Interquartile range | 3 to 9 | 7 to 19 | 2 to 7 | |
Range | 0 to 46 | 0 to 46 | 0 to 36 | |
Median daily drug count | 5 (n = 5744 patient-days) | 9 (n = 1198 patient-days) | 4 (n = 4546 patient-days) | P < 0.0001e |
Interquartile range | 3 to 8 | 5 to 13 | 2 to 7 | |
Range | 0 to 29 | 0 to 29 | 0 to 23 | |
Total drug exposure (before and during admission) | ||||
No drugs | 49 (4.4%) | 0 (0%) | 49 (5.0%) | P = 0.012c |
Had ≥1 drug(s) | 1057 (96%) | 120 (100%) | 937 (95%) | |
Median total drug count | 6 | 12 | 5 | P < 0.0001e |
Interquartile range | 3 to 10 | 8 to 21 | 3 to 9 | |
Range | 0 to 52 | 2 to 47 | 0 to 52 | |