AIUM Indications for CU in neonates | corresponding variables in the SNiP study |
---|---|
Hemorrhage or parenchymal abnormalities in preterm and term infants | birthweight < 1500 g and < 30 WG [3], vacuum or forceps delivery [8], systemic hypertension or hypotension, or perinatal asphyxia [9] |
Hydrocephalus | signs (e.g., macrocephaly, curved fontanel, split cranial sutures) [10] |
Vascular abnormalities | prenatal diagnosis (e.g., vascular malformations, aneurysms) |
Possible or suspected hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy | symptoms (e.g., seizures, hypotonia, coma, respiratory distress), UA pH < 7.0, APGAR value of 0–3 at > 5 min [3] |
Congenital malformations | prenatal diagnoses (e.g., cysts, cerebellar hypoplasia) [11], chromosomal anomalies or malformations, or metabolic diseases [12] |
Congenital or acquired brain infections | mycoplasma, toxoplasmosis, cytomegalovirus, streptococcus |
Signs and/or symptoms of central nervous system disorders | symptoms (e.g., facial malformations, macrocephaly, microcephaly, intrauterine growth restriction) [5] |
Trauma | cephalo/subgaleal hematoma, subdural hematoma, subarachnoidal hemorrhage |
Craniosynostosis | craniosynostosis |
Previously documented abnormalities, including prenatal abnormalities | prenatal diagnoses (e.g., partial/complete agenesis of corpus callosum) |
Patients treated with hypothermia, ECMO, or other support systems | hypothermia, ECMO etc. |