Table 1 Descriptive characteristics of the two study groups
Baseline | Follow-Up | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Intervention | Control | Intervention | Control | |
DFs (n) | 31 | 31 | 30 | 31 |
DFs’ characteristics (mean SD) | ||||
Number of children in the DF | 89.7 ± 55.5 | 97.9 ± 50.6 | – | – |
Number of children aged 3- to 5- years in the DF | 55.3 ± 31.0 | 57.0 ± 30.9 | – | – |
Number of DF groups | 4.6 ± 2.7 | 5.3 ± 2.5 | – | – |
Percentage of children with migration background in the DF | 17.5 ± 18.7 | 19.2 ± 22.8 | – | – |
Parents receiving governmental subsidies for DF fee (%) in the DF | 16.3 ± 14.7 | 16.9 ± 20.2 | – | – |
Single parenting (%) in the DF | 14.8 ± 13.5 | 13.8 ± 12.9 | – | – |
Children (n) | 440 | 391 | 335 | 306 |
Boys (%) | 50.5 | 51.7 | 49.3 | 53.6 |
Age (mean years SD) | 4.3 ± 0.8 | 4.3 ± 0.8 | 5.2 ± 0.8 | 5.2 ± 0.8 |
Migration background (%) | ||||
No migration background | 75.9 | 73.9 | 77.6 | 75.8 |
One-sided | 18.2 | 18.4 | 15.8 | 17.0 |
Two-sided | 2.0 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 2.0 |
Missing | 3.9 | 5.9 | 4.8 | 5.2 |
Highest educational level of the parents (%) | ||||
Low | 8.6 | 8.7 | 5.7 | 6.9 |
Medium | 57.7 | 53.7 | 60.6 | 57.2 |
High | 28.0 | 33.2 | 26.3 | 32.7 |
Missing | 5.7 | 4.3 | 7.5 | 3.3 |
Household income (%) | ||||
<2000€ | 19.1 | 23.3 | 15.5 | 21.9 |
2000–3000€ | 25.2 | 27.9 | 26.3 | 28.1 |
>3000€ | 45.2 | 38.9 | 46.6 | 41.5 |
Missing | 10.5 | 10.0 | 11.6 | 8.5 |
Urbanity (%) | ||||
≤5.000 inhabitants | 21.4 | 18.9 | 22.7 | 20.9 |
≤20.000 inhabitants | 32.5 | 32.7 | 33.1 | 34.6 |
≤100.000 inhabitants | 25.2 | 26.6 | 24.5 | 21.6 |
>100.000 inhabitants | 20.9 | 21.7 | 19.7 | 22.9 |
Body-mass-index (%) | ||||
Underweight/normal weight | 85.0 | 89.5 | 83.3 | 82.7 |
Overweight/obese | 5.7 | 4.6 | 9.0 | 6.2 |
Missing | 9.3 | 5.9 | 7.8 | 11.1 |
Hours attending DF (%) | ||||
1–5 h/day | 25.9 | 24.8 | 19.4 | 18.0 |
>5 h/day | 72.7 | 72.1 | 77.3 | 79.7 |
Missing | 1.4 | 3.1 | 3.3 | 2.3 |