Table 1 Demographics and predictors of the severity of angioedema in children
Variables | Children with a first attack of angioedema (N = 406) | p-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All | Mild angioedema (ED discharge) N = 200 | Moderate angioedema (POU observation) N = 97 | Severe angioedema (Hospital admission) N = 109 | ||
No. (%) | No. (%) | No. (%) | No. (%) | ||
Gendera | |||||
 Male | 242 (59.6) | 107 (53.5) | 64 (66.0) | 71 (65.1) | 0.047 |
 Female | 164 (40.4) | 93 (46.5) | 33 (34.0) | 38 (34.9) |  |
Agea | |||||
 Infant | 64 (15.8) | 40 (20.0) | 6 (6.2) | 18 (16.5) | < 0.001 |
 Preschool age | 193 (47.5) | 93 (46.5) | 38 (39.2) | 62 (56.9) |  |
 School age | 91 (22.4) | 39 (19.5) | 30 (30.9) | 22 (20.2) |  |
 Adolescent | 58 (14.3) | 28 (14.0) | 23 (23.7) | 7 (6.4) |  |
Possible etiologies of angioedemaa | |||||
 Medications | 93 (22.9) | 35 (17.5) | 37 (38.1) | 21 (19.3) | < 0.001 |
 Foods | 99 (24.4) | 52 (26.0) | 28 (28.9) | 19 (17.4) |  |
 Various infections | 103 (25.4) | 42 (21.0) | 20 (20.6) | 41 (37.6) |  |
 Inhalants | 6 (1.5) | 4 (2.0) | 2 (2.1) | 0 (0) |  |
 Insects bites and stings | 12 (3.0) | 2 (1.0) | 0 (0) | 10 (9.2) |  |
 Contact materials | 2 (0.5) | 0 (0) | 2 (2.1) | 0 (0) |  |
 Unknown causes | 91 (22.4) | 65 (32.5) | 8 (8.2) | 18 (16.5) |  |
Clinical presentationsa | |||||
 Only skin lesions | 143 (35.2) | 87 (43.5) | 39 (40.2) | 17 (15.6) | < 0.001 |
 Respiratory tract symptoms | 165 (40.6) | 76 (38.0) | 34 (35.1) | 55 (50.5) |  |
 Cardiovascular symptoms | 28 (6.9) | 6 (3.0) | 8 (8.2) | 14 (12.8) |  |
 Neurological symptoms | 11 (2.7) | 6 (3.0) | 2 (2.1) | 3 (2.8) |  |
 Gastrointestinal symptoms | 31 (7.6) | 15 (7.5) | 7 (7.2) | 9 (8.3) |  |
 Multiple symptoms | 28 (6.9) | 10 (5.0) | 7 (7.2) | 11 (10.1) |  |
Co-occurring with pyrexiaa | 91 (22.4) | 24 (12.0) | 13 (13.4) | 54 (49.5) | < 0.001 |
Co-occurring with urticariaa | 207 (51.0) | 74 (37.0) | 57 (58.8) | 76 (69.7) | < 0.001 |
Co-occurring with anaphylactic shocka | 15 (3.7) | 1 (0.5) | 5 (5.2) | 9 (8.3) | 0.002 |
With personal allergic historya,b | 152 (37.4) | 59 (29.5) | 39 (40.2) | 54 (49.5) | 0.002 |