Table 3 Distribution of neurodevelopmental disability by antenatal, delivery, and neonatal characteristics, among infants in Iganga-Mayuge HDSS
Characteristics | Infants without NDD | Infants with NDD | COR (95% CI) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
ANC Attendance | ||||
1–3 times | 162 (38.1) | 17 (27.4) | 1.63 (0.90–2.94) | 0.103 |
4+ | 263 (61.9) | 45 (72.6) | Â | Â |
IPT/Fansidar* | ||||
Yes | 386 (90.8) | 58 (93.5) | 0.68 (0.24–1.98) | 0.634 |
No | 39 (9.2) | 4 (6.5) | Â | Â |
Tetanus toxoid | ||||
Yes | 404 (95.1) | 59 (95.2) | 0.99 (0.28–3.38) | 0.970 |
No | 21 (4.9) | 3 (4.8) | Â | Â |
Complications during pregnancy | ||||
No | 175 (41.2) | 24 (38.7) | Â | Â |
Yes | 250 (58.8) | 38 (61.3) | 1.11 (0.64–1.91) | 0.710 |
Perinatal Factors | ||||
Place of delivery | ||||
Hospital | 222 (52.2) | 23 (37.1) | Â | Â |
Health Centre, private clinic,etc. (Not hospital) | 203 (47.8) | 39 (62.9) | 1.85 (1.07–3.21) | 0.026 |
Mode of delivery | ||||
NVD | 363 (85.4) | 57 (91.9) | Â | Â |
Breech & C/S | 62 (14.6) | 5 (8.1) | 0.51 (0.19–1.33) | 0.234 |
Duration of labour | ||||
< 24 h | 323 (76.0) | 49 (79.0) | 0.84 (0.43–1.61) | 0.599 |
> 24 h | 102 (24.0) | 13 (21.0) |  |  |
Perinatal complications | ||||
None | 389 (91.5) | 59 (95.2) | 0.55 (0.16–1.84) | 0.454 |
Yes | 36 (8.5) | 3 (4.8) | Â | Â |
Neonatal and post-neonatal characteristics | ||||
Sex of Baby | ||||
Male | 218 (51.3) | 32 (51.6) | 0.99 (0.58–1.68) | 0.963 |
Female | 207 (48.7) | 30 (48.4) | Â | Â |
Birth weight | ||||
> 2.5 kg | 350 (95.6) | 46 (90.2) | 1 |  |
< 2.5 kg | 16 (4.4) | 5 (9.8) | 2.38 (0.83–6.79) | 0.190 |
Unknown | 59 (13.9) | 11 (17.7) | 1.42 (0.69–2.89) |  |
Cried at birth | ||||
Yes | 374 (94.7) | 49 (79.0) | Â | Â |
No | 21 (5.3) | 9 (15.5) | 3.27 (1.42–7.50) | 0.025 |
Unknown | 30 (7.1) | 4 (6.5) | Â | Â |
Home visit after delivery | ||||
Yes | 136 (32.0) | 20 (32.3) | 1.01 (0.57–1.79) | 0.968 |
No | 289 (68.0) | 42 (67.7) | Â | Â |
Immediate breast feeding at birth | ||||
No | 100 (23.5) | 12 (19.4) | 1.28 (0.66–2.50) | 0.466 |
Yes | 325 (76.5) | 50 (80.6) | Â | Â |
Exclusive Breast feeding | ||||
Yes | 105 (24.8) | 12 (19.4) | Â | Â |
No | 320 (75.2) | 50 (80.7) | 1.37 (0.70–2.67) | 0.352 |
Neonatal danger signs | ||||
None | 211 (49.6) | 28 (45.2) | Â | Â |
Yes | 214 (50.3) | 34 (54.8) | 1.19 (0.70–2.04) | 0.509 |
Post-neonatal complications | ||||
None | 64 (15.1) | 3 (4.8) | Â | Â |
Yes | 322 (75.7) | 54 (87.1) | 3.58 (1.10–11.80) | 0.036 |
Don’t know | 39 (9.2) | 5 (8.1) | 2.73 (0.60–12.10) |  |
Number of times the baby fell sick since birth | ||||
< 4 | 182 (42.8) | 15 (24.2) |  |  |
4+ | 231 (54.4) | 45 (72.6) | 2.36 (1.28–4.38) | 0.006 |
Unknown | 12 (2.8) | 2 (3.2) | 2.02 (0.41–9.88) |  |
Admission to facility | ||||
No | 313 (73.6) | 44 (71.0) | Â | Â |
Admitted | 112 (26.4) | 18 (29.0) | 1.14 (0.63–2.06) | 0.656 |