|
Variable
|
Categories
|
n
|
%
|
M ± SD
|
Actual range
|
|---|
|
Father
| |
|
Age (years)
| | |
36.24 ± 3.96
|
22–52
|
|
Education level
|
High school or less
|
412
|
27.5
| | |
|
College
|
309
|
18.1
| | |
|
University or higher
|
820
|
54.4
| | |
|
Religion
|
No
|
931
|
60.1
| | |
|
Yes
|
610
|
39.9
| | |
|
Alcohol consumption
|
More than once a week
|
496
|
36.2
| | |
|
Less than once a week
|
883
|
63.8
| | |
|
Smoking
|
Non-smoker
|
761
|
49.7
| | |
|
Smoker
|
775
|
50.3
| | |
|
Parenting stress
| | | |
27.40 ± 6.63
|
11–51
|
|
Daily working hours
| | |
8.04 ± 2.27
|
0–17.71
|
|
Psychological distress
|
Minimal
|
1187
|
77.2
|
5.26 ± 4.20
|
0–24
|
|
Significant
|
345
|
22.8
|
|
Involvement in childcare (quality)
| | | |
14.46 ± 2.63
|
4–20
|
|
Involvement in childcare (quantity)
| | | |
2.53 ± 1.62
|
0.14–14.86
|
|
Mother
| |
|
Psychological distress
|
Minimal
|
1069
|
69.4
|
5.79 ± 4.42
|
0–23
|
|
Significant
|
467
|
30.3
|
|
Child
| |
|
Age (months)
| | | |
38.18 ± 1.51
|
35–42
|
|
Sex
|
Male
|
779
|
50.6
| | |
|
Female
|
762
|
49.4
| | |
|
Temperament
|
Emotionality
| | |
14.35 ± 3.06
|
5–25
|
|
Activity
| | |
19.14 ± 3.00
|
5–25
|
|
Family
| |
|
Household income
|
I (lowest)
|
341
|
23.2
| | |
|
II
|
369
|
27.0
| | |
|
III
|
392
|
27.4
| | |
|
IV (highest)
|
357
|
22.4
| | |
- No. of respondents is unweighted and percent (%) is weighted; M ± SD = Mean and standard deviation
