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Table 5 Distribution of responders according to exposure to stressful life events (bivariate and multivariate analysis)

From: Functional abdominal pain disorders in adolescents in Indonesia and their association with family related stress

Stressful event

Distribution of subjects

Crude OR (CI 95%)

p value

Adjusted OR (CI 95%)

Adjusted p value

Controls

N = 1.604 n (%; 95% CI)

FAPD

N = 209 n (%; 95% CI)

    

Change in school

Suspension from school

126 (7.9; 6.6 to 9.3)

170 (10.6; 9.1 to 12.2)

19 (9.1;5.6 to 13.8))

20 (9.6;5.9 to 14.4)

1.17 (0.7–1.94)

0.89 (0.55–1.45)

0.54

0.64

  

Frequent punishment in school

74 (4.6; 3.6 to 5.8)

11 (5.3;2.7 to 9.2)

1.15 (0.6–2.2)

0.68

  

Separation from best friend

73 (4.6; 3.5 to 5.7)

15 (7.2;4.1 to 11.6)

1.62 (0.9–2.87)

0.099

  

Sitting for government examination

45 (2.8; 2.1 to 3.7)

10 (4.8; 2.3 to 8.6)

1.74 (0.86–3.5)

0.119

  

Failure in an examination

46 (2.9; 2.1 to 3.8)

13 (6.2;3.4 to 10.4)

2.24 (1.19–4.22)

0.011

  

Being bullied at school

98 (6.1; 5 to 7.4)

20 (9.6;5.9 to 14.4)

1.62 (0.98–2.68)

0.058

  

Severe illness in a close family member

108 (6.8; 5.6 to 8.1)

29 (13.9;9.5 to 19.3)

2.22 (1.43–3.44)

< 0.001

  

Death of a close family member

88 (8.1; 6.6 to 9.9)

30 (19.5; 13.5 to 26.6)

2.74 (1.74–4.32)

< 0.001

2.24 (1.39–3.59)

0.001

Loss of a parent’s job

667 (41.7; 39.2 to 44)

126 (60.3; 53.3 to 67)

2.13 (1.58–2.85)

< 0.001

  

Divorce or separation of parents

291 (18.2;16.3 to 20.1)

82 (39.2;32.6 to 46.2)

2.9 (2.14–3.95)

< 0.001

2.55 (1.76–3.7)

< 0.001

Remarried of parents

155 (9.7; 8,3 to 11.2)

26 (12.4;8.3 to 17.7)

1.33 (0.85–2.06)

0.211

  

Birth of a sibling

7 (0.4; 0.2 to 0.9)

5 (2.4; 0.8 to 5.5)

5.57 (1.75–17.71)

0.001

  

Frequent domestic fights

696 (43.5;40.9 to 45.9)

118 (56.5;49.4 to 63.3)

1.69 (1.26–2.26)

< 0.001

  

Frequent punishment by the parents

494 (30.9;28.5 to 33.1)

98 (46.9;40 to 53.9)

1.98 (1.48–2.65)

< 0.001

  

Father’s alcoholism

126 (7.9; 6.6 to 9.3)

36 (17.2;12.4 to 23)

2.43 (1.63–3.64)

< 0.001

1.94 (1.22–3.1)

0.005

Hospitalization of the child for other illness

379 (23.7;21.6 to 25.8)

80 (38.3;31.7 to 45.2)

2 (1.48–2.7)

< 0.001

  

Exposure to at least 1 stressful events

322 (20.1;18.1 to 20.1)

47 (22.5;17 to 28.8)

1.15 (0.81–1.63)

0.42

  
  1. CI confidence interval, OR odds ratio, FAPD functional abdominal pain disorders