Table 3 Social and demographic characteristics of participants and scores of CPHLQa
N = 807 | CPHLQ score (total = 100) | F (P) or t (P) | |
|---|---|---|---|
n (%) | Mean (SD) | ||
Relationship to the child | |||
Mother | 551 (68.3) | 74.5 (10.98) | 27.901(<0.001) |
Father | 178 (22.1) | 69.2 (15.1) | |
Grandparents and others | 78 (9.6) | 68.5 (13.4) | |
Caregiver’s education | |||
Junior school and below | 126 (15.6) | 64.8 (12.5) | 155.903(<0.001) |
High school | 157 (19.5) | 67.1 (12.8) | |
College | 176 (21.8) | 74.4 (11.6) | |
University or higher | 348 (43.1) | 77.4 (10.2) | |
Child’s age (years) | |||
≤ 1 | 522 (64.7) | 72.5 (12.6) | 0.417 (0.659) |
1~2 | 191 (23.7) | 72.8 (12.4) | |
2~3 | 94 (11.6) | 73.8 (12.2) | |
Child’s gender | |||
Female | 387 (48.0) | 73.2 (12.8) | 0.870 (0.384) |
Male | 420 (52.0) | 72.4 (12.2) | |
Child’s Hukou | |||
Shanghai | 541 (67.0) | 75.0 (11.7) | 7.362(<0.001) |
Other provinces | 267 (33.0) | 68.3 (12.5) | |
Only-child or not | |||
Yes | 569 (70.5) | 73.6 (11.8) | 2.882 (0.004) |
No | 238 (29.5) | 70.7 (13.8) | |
Family monthly income per capita (in RMB) | |||
<4500 | 179 (22.1) | 69.7 (14.4) | 27.154(<0.001) |
4500~7500 | 220 (27.3) | 73.1 (12.6) | |
7500~12,500 | 183 (22.7) | 75.1 (10.1) | |
≥ 12,500 | 156 (19.3) | 75.1 (10.8) | |
I don’t know | 69 (8.6) | 68.2 (13.9) | |