Table 1 Demographic and clinical features, histopathologic analysis and prognosis of 3 pediatric patients with mediastinal teratoma
From: Mediastinal teratoma presenting with hemoptysis and pleuritis misdiagnosed as tuberculosis (empyema)
Patient 1 | Patient 2 | Patient 3 | |
|---|---|---|---|
Gender | Male | Male | Female |
Age | 5 years | 3 years | 9 years |
Presentation | Hemoptysis, mild wet cough | Hemoptysis, mild wet cough, low fever, chest pain. | Dyspneic,chest pain, upper limb pain |
Misdiagnosed diseases | Pneumonia, tuberculosis | Pneumonia, tuberculosis | Pneumonia, empyema, tuberculosis |
Tuberculin skin test | An induration of 15 × 15 mm. | An induration of 12 × 12 mm. | An induration of 8 × 9 mm. |
Chest imaging in the early stages | Left hilar enlargement | Right-sided pulmonary consolidation and pleuritis | Right-sided pulmonary consolidation and massive pleural effusion |
Chest imaging in the middle stages | Cavity within high-density consolidation | Pachypleuritis | Pachypleuritis and a low density mass |
Chest imaging at the late stages | High-density opacities occupying the left upper lobe, consolidation with cavitation and calcification adjacent to the mediastinum | High-density opacities with patchy shadowing and stripes, calcification and cavitation in the lower lobe of right lung, irregular soft tissue in the right inferior mediastinum, and calcification in the thickened pleura | Encapsulated effusion |
Tumor size(cm) | 10 × 9 × 3.5 | 5 × 3 × 3 | 5.5 × 5 × 3.5 |
Histopathologic analysis | Mature pancreatic tissue, gastrointestinal epithelium, cartilage tissue, and sebaceous material within the mass. Chronic cells in some alveolar spaces. | Pancreatic acinar tissue, intestinal epithelium, cartilage tissue, fibrous tissue, sebaceous material, and smooth muscle within the tumor. Proliferative fibrous tissue in the alveolar space and alveolar septa. Necrosis and calcification in pleural specimens. | Pancreatic tissue, digestive tract epithelium, fatty tissue and fibrous tissue within the tumor. |
Follow-up | 6 years | 3 years | 2 years |
Prognosis | uneventful | uneventful | uneventful |