Table 1 Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of study participants
Characteristics | Healthy controls (N = 50) | Viral Pneumonia (N = 104) | Bacterial Pneumonia (N = 110) | Co-infection (N = 66) | P valueb |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 2.3(0.8–9.6) | 1.8(0.2–8.9) | 2.2(1.2–12.1) | 2.4(0.5–9.7) | 0.38 |
Gender (male, %) | 34(68) | 66(63) | 52(47) | 39(59) | 0.31 |
Serum YLK-40 (ng/ml) | 6.30 ± 2.27 | 18.48 ± 4.63 | 19.38 ± 3.34 | 19.32 ± 2.87 | < 0.001 |
TNF-α (pg/ml) | NA | 12.4 ± 7.85 | 13.6 ± 9.28 | 14.5 ± 10.23 | 0.24 |
IL-6 (pg/ml) | NA | 32.3 ± 11.25 | 35.6 ± 8.17 | 39.5 ± 12.1 | 0.26 |
hsCRP (mg/dl) | NA | 161.38 ± 34.78 | 158.25 ± 26.90 | 170.93 ± 29.36 | 0.34 |
IL-10 (pg/ml) | NA | 83.96 ± 14.89 | 95.36 ± 8.98 | 84.36 ± 16.98 | 0.07 |
BALFs YLK-40 (ng/ml,n) | NA | 26.45 ± 3.65(18) | 34.87 ± 5.42(34) | 33.63 ± 2.50(21) | 0.02 |
Severity | |||||
Not Severe (%) | NA | 55.7 | 47.3 | 51.5 | 0.08 |
Severe (%) | NA | 24.6 | 32.7 | 11.2 | 0.12 |
Very Severe (%) | NA | 19.7 | 30.0 | 27.3 | 0.13 |
PO2 (mmHg) | NA | 98.1 ± 1.0 | 97.2 ± 2.5 | 97.0 ± 3.6 | 0.41 |
SO2 (mmHg) | NA | 95.5 ± 1.8 | 94.5 ± 1.3 | 94.9 ± 0.9 | 0.55 |
WBC (109/L) | NA | 9.8 ± 4.3 | 13.9 ± 3.5 | 14.2 ± 4.4 | 0.008 |
PCT (ng/ml) | NA | 0.65 ± 0.26 | 1.33 ± 0.49 | 1.59 ± 0.87 | 0.02 |
Glucocorticoid usea, n(%) a | NA | 20(19.2) | 14(12.8) | 12(18.2) | 0.43 |