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Table 2 Clinical signs and symptoms and basic laboratory results associated to bacterial infection in univariate analysis

From: Can clinical signs or symptoms combined with basic hematology data be used to predict the presence of bacterial infections in febrile children under - 5 years?

 

Bacterial infected group

BSI

UTI

GII

Clinical signs and symptoms

OR (IC 95%)

P value

OR (IC 95%)

P value

OR (IC 95%)

P value

OR (IC 95%)

P value

Male

1.04(1.00;1.08)

0.034 a

1.13(6.69;1.86)

0.629

1.43(0.46;4.40)

0.537

1.66(1.01;2.74)

0.046 a

Age, month, median (IQR)

1.00(1.00;1.00)

0.050 a

1.00(0.98;1.02)

0.833

0.95(0.90;1.00)

0.069 a

0.98(0.96;1.0)

0.026 a

> 12 months (%)

1.01(0.96;1.05)

0.619

1.19(0.67;2.10)

0.555

0.50(0.16;1.55)

0.227

1.19(0.67;2.10)

0.555

Z-score Weight/age < 2SD in kg/month, kg/age, mean (SD)

0.99(0.98;1.00)

0.002 a

0.93(0.85;1.02)

0.123

0.75(0.58;0.96)

0.023 a

0.90(0.82;0.98)

0.021 a

Z-score Height/age < 2SD in cm/month, cm/kg, mean (SD)

1.00(1.00;1.00)

0.068 a

1.00(0.96;1.02)

0.683

0.95(0.90;1.00)

0.049 a

0.98(0.96;1.00)

0.072 a

Z-score MUAC<2SD in mm/age mm, mean (SD)

1.00(1.00;1.00)

0.430

1.00(1.00;1.01)

0.308

1.00(0.99;1.01)

0.758

1.00(0.99;1.00)

0.821

Cough

1.00(0.97;1.04)

0.884

1.36(0.83;2.23)

0.229

0.53(0.16;1.80)

0.308

0.86(0.52;1.43)

0.563

Diarrhea

1.06(1.02;1.10)

0.004 a

1.61(0.98;2.66)

0.061 a

4.53(1.33;15.42)

0.016 a

1.41(0.85;2.34)

0.178

Dehydration

1.11(1.00;1.23)

0.051 a

3.08(1.25;7.61)

0.015 a

2.56(0.31;16.38)

0.422

0.52(0.10;2.71)

0.434

Vomiting

1.01(0.96;1.06)

0.666

0.91(0.47;0.75)

0.773

1.00(0.24;4.08)

0.993

1.48(0.83;2.65)

0.183

Edema

1.47(1.21;1.80)

< 0.001 a

9.48(2.67;33.67)

0.001 a

0.70(0.02;30.91)

0.854

1.55(0.23;10.33)

0.653

Jaundice

0.89(0.72;1.09)

0.251

0.35(0.02;7.30)

0.497

0.70(0.02;30.91)

0.854

0.35(0.02;7.30)

0.497

Convulsion

1.21(1.05;1.39)

0.009 a

3.74(1.23;11.40)

0.020 a

0.57(0.02;18.13)

0.752

1.65(0.40;6.77)

0.489

Pallor of conjunctiva

1.10(1.03;1.18)

0.003 a

4.20(2.34;7.52)

< 0.001 a

1,94(0.45;8.47)

0.376

0.65(0.24;1.73)

0.387

Axillary temperature [5, 38, 39]

1.01(0.97;1.05)

0.496

1.16(0.65;2.05)

0.496

1.35(0.42;4.34)

0.505

1.28(0.75;2.20)

0.900

Axillary temperature [5, 39, 42]

1.07(1.02;1.14)

0.013 a

2.23(1.19;4.18)

0.496

0.72(0.12;4.36)

0.505

1.30(0.64;2.63)

0.900

Fever (≥38.5 °C),

0.99(0.93;1.01)

0.108

0.68(0.41;1.12)

0.131

0.87(0.28;2.69)

0.812

0.77(0.47;1.28)

0.313

Bronchial congestion

0.97(0.85;1.10)

0.602

1.15(0.37;3.62)

0.807

1.96(0.28;13.72)

0.499

0.78(0.21;2.92)

0.712

Splenomegaly

1.18(1.07;1.29)

< 0.001 a

6.80(3.40;13.57)

0.000 a

0.39(0.02;8.71)

0.556

0.718(0.19;2.66)

0.620

Hepatomegaly

1.10(1.01;1.19)

0.030 a

3.50(1.69;7.23)

0.001 a

0.35(0.02;7.28)

0.500

0.59(0.16;2.15)

0.423

Basic Laboratory datac

        

Hemoglobin < 8

1.09(1.03;1.16)

0.004 a

3.21(1.46;7.07)

0.004 a

1.38(0.32;5.98)

0.663

1.21(0.54;2.74)

0.645

Hemoglobin [8,9,10,11]

1.01(0.95;1.07)

0.696

0.68(0.30;1.57)

0.366

0.56(0.13;2.4)

0.444

1.25(0.60;2.65)

0.552

Leucocytes < 4

1.07(0.95;1.22)

0.279

2.07(0.61;7.01)

0.241

0.59(0.018;19.90)

0.771

1.10(0.28;4.33)

0.90

Leucocytes≥12

0.98 (0.94;1.02)

0.361

1.15(0.69;1.91)

0.590

2.04(0.64;6.52)

0.227

0.65(0.38;1.10)

0.106

  1. a Statistically significant
  2. b According to nurse’s appreciations
  3. c hemoglobin value was g/dl; leucocyte value was 103/μl
  4. BSI Bloodstream infection, GII Gastro-intestinal infection, UTI Urinary tract infection
  5. Note The different data were adjusted for gender, age and weigh during the multivariate analysis
  6. MUAC Mid-Upper Arm Circumference
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BMC Pediatrics

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