From: Growth patterns from birth to 24 months in Chinese children: a birth cohorts study across China
Infant sex | p value | ||
---|---|---|---|
Boy | Girl | ||
Sample size | 2174 | 2077 | |
Maternal factors | |||
Maternal age (years) | 28.7 ± 3.4 | 28.6 ± 3.5 | 0.51 |
Pre-pregnancy weight (kg) | 53.8 ± 7.8 | 53.7 ± 8.1 | 0.92 |
Maternal height (cm) | 161.3 ± 4.9 | 161.4 ± 5.0 | 0.33 |
Prepregnancy BMI (kg/m2) | 20.7 ± 2.8 | 20.6 ± 2.8 | 0.46 |
Mother Education | |||
Junior high school or lower | 136(6.3) | 135(6.6) | 0.90 |
High school | 287(13.4) | 266(13.0) | |
College or above | 1725(80.3) | 1641(80.4) | |
Mother smoke during pregnancy | |||
Yes | 10(0.5) | 7(0.3) | 0.53 |
No | 2148(99.5) | 2047(99.7) | |
Parity | |||
Primiparous | 1958(90.2) | 1885(90.9) | 0.44 |
parous | 212(9.8) | 188(9.1) | |
Mode of Delivery | |||
Vaginal delivery | 994(45.8) | 957(46.2) | 0.79 |
C-section | 1177(54.2) | 1115(53.8) | |
Paternal factors | |||
Father age (years) | 30.6 ± 4.4 | 30.6 ± 4.6 | 0.69 |
Father height (cm) | 174.2 ± 5.2 | 174.6 ± 5.3 | 0.04 |
Father weight (kg) | 72.5 ± 11.2 | 73.1 ± 11.7 | 0.14 |
Father BMI (kg/m2) | 23.9 ± 3.2 | 23.9 ± 3.3 | 0.56 |
Father smoke during mother pregnancy | |||
Yes | 568(32.1) | 567(34.0) | 0.25 |
No | 1199(67.9) | 1101(66.0) | |
Infant factors | |||
Birth weight (g) | 3399 ± 404 | 3309 ± 392 | < 0.001 |
Birth length (cm) | 50.2 ± 1.4 | 49.8 ± 1.3 | < 0.001 |
Birth head circumference (cm) | 34.1 ± 1.1 | 34.0 ± 1.0 | 0.01 |
Gestational age (weeks) | 39.1 ± 1.0 | 39.3 ± 1.0 | < 0.001 |
Breastfeeding Type (0–6 months) | |||
Formula feeding | 168(8.7) | 172(9.4) | 0.36 |
Exclusive Breastfeeding | 252(13.0) | 252(13.7) | |
Mixed feeding | 1518(78.3) | 1412(76.9) | |
Children passive smoking | |||
No | 1187(72.7) | 1125(71.5) | 0.44 |
Yes | 445(27.3) | 448(28.5) |