Table 2 Pressure platform measurements at the heel at 20%, 35% and 92% of the stance phase for boys with Sever’s disease and controls
Variable | Total (N = 106) Mean ± SD (95% CI) | Sever’s disease (n = 53) Mean ± SD (95% CI) | Control group (n = 53) Mean ± SD (95% CI) | P value | Cohen’s d |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Average peak pressure at the heel at 20% of the stance phase (g/cm2) | 3985.15 ± 3493.28 (3320.14–4650.16) | 7273.26 ± 1610.49 (6839.68–7706.84) | 697.05 ± 89.03 (673.08–721.02) | < 0.001 | 4.083 |
Maximum peak pressure at the heel at 20% of the stance phase (g/cm2) | 4620 ± 3902.92 (3877.40–5363.39) | 8451.09 ± 914.81 (8204.81–8607.38) | 789.70 ± 93.80 (764.44–814.95) | < 0.001 | 8.374 |
Velocity of the COP at the heel at 20% of the stance phase (mm/s) | 42.17 ± 15.42 (39.24–45.11) | 27.74 ± 3.94 (26.68–28.80) | 56.61 ± 6.31 (54.91–58.31) | < 0.001 | 4.575 |
Plantar surface contact area at the heel at 20% of the stance phase (cm2) | 30.08 ± 3.59 (29.40–30.76) | 30.11 ± 3.52 (29.16–31.06) | 30.05 ± 3.70 (29.05–31.05) | 0.935 | 0.017 |
Average peak pressure at the heel at 35% of the stance phase (g/cm2) | 3550.67 ± 3141.50 (2952.63–4148.72) | 6404.82 ± 1818.88 (5915.14–6894.50) | 696.52 ± 117.92 (664.78–728.27) | 0.001 | 3.138 |
Maximum peak pressure at the heel at 35% of the stance phase (g/cm2) | 4448.57 ± 3716.58 (3741.05–5156.10) | 7990.23 ± 1520.87 (7580.78–8399.68) | 906.92 ± 97.58 (880.65–933.19) | 0.001 | 4.657 |
Velocity at the heel at 35% of the stance phase (mm/s) | 50.34 ± 16.92 (47.12–53.56) | 35.51 ± 5.87 (33.93–37.09) | 65.17 ± 9.77 (62.54–67.80) | 0.001 | 3.035 |
Surface at the heel at 35% of the stance phase (cm2) | 52.27 ± 6.02 (51.12–53.41) | 51.30 ± 4.33 (50.13–52.46) | 53.24 ± 7.24 (51.29–55.19) | 0.090 | 0.267 |
Average peak pressure at the forefoot at 92% of the stance phase (g/cm2) | 982.97 ± 312.21 (923.53–1042.41) | 1200.14 ± 303.29 (1118.49–1281.80) | 765.80 ± 93.28 (740.68–790.91) | 0.001 | 1.432 |
Maximum peak pressure at the forefoot at 92% of the stance phase (g/cm2) | 1248.85 ± 436.62 (1165.73–1331.97) | 1560.41 ± 422.90 (1446.56–1674.27) | 937.29 ± 90.71 (912.87–961.71) | 0.001 | 1.473 |
Velocity of the COP at the forefoot at 92% of the stance phase (mm/s) | 33.31 ± 5.44 (32.27–34.35) | 34.59 ± 5.31 (33.16–36.02) | 32.03 ± 5.32 (30.59–33.46) | 0.014 | 0.481 |
Surface at the forefoot at 92% of the stance phase (cm2) | 43.19 ± 4.81 (42.28–44.11) | 42.96 ± 1.11 (41.85–44.07) | 43.43 ± 5.44 (41.96–44.89) | 0.616 | 0.086 |