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Table 2 Schedule of Standardised developmental assessments by age

From: Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome neurodevelopmental follow-up study (neurodevelopmental outcomes for children whose twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome was treated with placental laser photocoagulation)

 

Age of participant

24 – 36mo

3y – 6y 11mo

7y +

General Cognition (administered by paediatric psychologist)

  Cognitive Scale from Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development 3rd Ed (Bayley–III)***

✔

  

  Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence 4th Ed (WPPSI-IV) Core subtests (30–60 min)

 

✔

 

  Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children 5th Ed (WISC-V) Core subtests (60 mins)

  

✔

Motor Skills (administered by paediatric occupational therapist or physiotherapist)

  Fine & Gross Motor Scales (Bayley-III)***

✔

  

  Movement Assessment Battery for Children 2nd Ed (MABC-2)* (20–40 min)

 

✔

✔

  Gross Motor Function Classification Score (GMFCS-E&R) if applicable (5–20 min)

✔

✔

✔

  Manual Ability Classification Score (MACS) if applicable

✔

✔

✔

Language and Communication (administered by paediatric speech therapist)

  Receptive & Expressive Scales (Bayley-III)***

✔

  

  Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals Preschool – 2 (CELF-P2)* Core subtests (30–60 min)

 

✔

 

  Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals (CELF-IV) Core subtests (30–60 min)

  

✔

  Communication Function Classification System (CFCS) if applicable

✔

✔

✔

Social/Emotional / Behavioural skills and General Development (parent report questionnaire)

  Infant Toddler Social Emotional Assessment (ITSEA) (25–30 min)

✔

  

  Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) (15 mins)

 

✔

✔

  Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ-3)** (10–15 min)

✔

✔

 

Academic Achievement (administered by paediatric psychologist)

  Wide Range Achievement Test 4th Ed (WRAT-4) (select subtests) (15–25 min)

  

✔

  1. *Some younger children may need to be assessed with the previous age group’s instrument; ** Children ≤5 years; ***45–60 min total