Serum and urine FGF23 and IGFBP-7 for the prediction of acute kidney injury in critically ill children

BMC Pediatrics

Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics grouped according to AKI status

Variable	Non-AKI	Mild AKI	Severe AKI	P
Variable	(n = 123)	(n = 10)	(n = 11)	P
Age, months	12 [4–48]	30.5 [11.25–98]	59 [4–98]	0.049^&
Body weight, kg	10 [6.5–14]	14 [8.75–26.25]	20 [6.5–30]*	0.024^&
Male, n	70 (56.9)	5 (50.0)	7 (63.6)	0.819
PRISM III score	3 [0.25–6.75]	7.5 [4.25–10.5]*	17 [8–20]*^#	< 0.001
Arterial pH^a	7.409 [7.363–7.468]	7.461 [7.392–7.481]	7.400 [7.203–7.497]	0.297
Blood bicarbonate^a, mmol/L	20.0 [17.6–22.2]	17.1 [15.5–20.0]*	17.1 [8.1–19.6]*	0.020^φ
Serum albumin^a, g/L	41.7 [38.5–44.4]	40.2 [34.9–46.9]	35.3 [26.7–43.8]*	0.026^φ
Serum creatinine^a, μmol/L	24.6 [19.5–31.8]	44.3 [26.9–72.1]*	86.4 [77.3–140.0]*^#	< 0.001^φ
Blood urea nitrogen^a, μmol/L	3.30 [2.54–4.40]	6.34 [3.41–8.53]*	7.00 [5.84–13.44]*	< 0.001^φ
Serum sodium^a, μmol/L	134.6 [132.3–136.6]	135.8 [133.2–140.3]	132.8 [130.3–133.7]*^#	0.008^ζ
Serum potassium^a, μmol/L	4.02 [3.57–4.56]	4.31 [3.77–4.47]	4.32 [3.83–5.60]	0.157
MODS^b, n	3 (2.4)	2 (20.0)*	6 (54.5)^*	< 0.001^φ
Shock/DIC^b, n	11 (8.9)	2 (20.0)	5 (45.5)^*	< 0.001^ζ
MV^c, n	45 (36.6)	6 (60.0)	10 (90.9)^*	0.001^ζ
Duration of MV^c, hours	0 [0–44]	35 [0–123.5]	115 [12–134]^*	0.001^ζ
Prolonged MV (> 48 h)^c, n	26 (21.1)	4 (40.0)	8 (72.7)^*	0.002^φ
Antibiotics^c, n	116 (94.3)	10 (100)	11 (100)	0.322
Inotrope^c, n	23 (18.7)	1 (10.0)	8 (72.7)*^#	0.001^φ
Furosemide^c, n	31 (25.2)	3 (30.0)	11 (100)*^#	0.032^φ
Steroids^c, n	45 (36.6)	3 (30.0)	5 (45.5)	0.757
PICU LOS, hours	66 [36–141]	77.5 [38.25–256]	152 [118–181]*	0.032^ζ
Death, n	5 (4.1)	1 (10.0)	2 (18.2)	0.093

Values are median [interquartile range]. Numbers in parentheses denote percentages
AKI network stage 1 was defined as mild AKI, and AKIN stages 2 and 3 were defined as severe AKI. AKI acute kidney injury, DIC disseminated intravascular coagulation, LOS length of stay, MODS multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, MV mechanical ventilation, PICU pediatric intensive care unit, PRISM III pediatric risk of mortality III
^aThe first available laboratory results during the first 24 h after PICU admission. ^bDeveloped during PICU stay. ^cAdministration during PICU stay
*P < 0.05, compared with non-AKI; ^#P < 0.05, compared with mild AKI. ^&P > 0.05, after adjustment for PRISM III score. ^ζP > 0.05, ^φP < 0.05, after adjustment for body weight and PRISM III score

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