Skip to main content

Table 2 Referral Indications for Early and Late Cohorts*

From: Changing outpatient referral patterns in a small pediatric nephrology practice

Indication for Referral

Early Cohort (2002–2004) n (%)

Late Cohorts (2011–2013) n (%)

χ2, p

Odds Ratio‡ [95% CI]

HBP

107 (20.9%)

120 (23.6%)

1.024, 0.311

1.165 [0.867, 1.565

HEM/PRO

108 (21.1%)

105 (20.6%)

0.040, 0.842

0.970 [0.717, 1.312]

UTIs/VUR*

87 (17.0%)

41 (8.1%)

18.698, 0.000

0.472 [0.288, 0.633]

ABN IMAGING

79 (15.5%)

96 (19.1%)

2.311, 0.128

1.287 [0.929, 1.784]

VOIDING ISSUES*

34 (6.7%)

10 (2.0%)

13.583, 0.000

0.281 [0.137, 0.575]

↓GFR

21 (4.1%)

18 (3.5%)

0.228, 0.633

0.855 [0.450, 1.625]

STONES/NC

17 (3.3%)

23 (4.5%)

0.961, 0.327

1.375 [0.726, 2.606]

GLOM/VAS

20 (3.9%)

30 (5.9%)

2.145, 0.143

1.538 [0.861, 2.745]

ABN LABS†

16 (3.1%)

31 (6.1%)

5.080, 0.024

2.006 [1.083, 3.716]

MICROALB†

5 (1.0%)

14 (2.8%)

4.380, 0.036

2.862 [1.023, 8.006]

OTHER

17 (3.3%)

21 (4.1%)

0.454, 0.501

1.250 [0.652, 2.399]

  1. Overall frequencies within categories differed (p < 0.001 comparing cohorts)
  2. HBP elevated blood pressure or hypertension, HEM/PRO hematuria and/or proteinuria, UTI/VUR urinary tract infection/vesicoureteral reflux, ABN abnormal, ↓GFR decreased glomerular filtration rate, NC nephrocalcinosis; GLOM/VAS, glomerular disease, vasculitis, LABS laboratory studies, MICROALB microalbuminuria; OTHER (as defined in Table 1)
  3. *p < .001, †p < .05, ‡Early cohort as reference