Table 4 Clinical characteristics and comparison between Lyme neuroborreliosis patients with or without erythema migrans
On admission and at follow-up | Patients with LNB and EM (n = 37) | Patients with LNB without EM (n = 66) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
Gender | |||
Female, n (%) | 14 (38) | 31 (47) | |
Male, n (%) | 23 (62) | 35 (53) | 0.37 |
Age, median (range) | 7 (2–15) | 7 (2–15) | 0.53 |
Observed tick bite, n (%) | 25 (68) | 34(52) | 0.11 |
Clinical characteristics | |||
Facial nerve palsy, n (%) | 26 (70) | 45 (68) | 0.83 |
Headache, n (%) | 23 (62) | 50 (76) | 0.15 |
Fatigue, n (%) | 34 (92) | 51 (77) | 0.10 |
Fever, n (%) | 21 (57) | 28 (42) | 0.16 |
Neck pain, n (%) | 17 (46) | 37 (56) | 0.32 |
Neck stiffness, n (%) | 13 (35) | 21 (32) | 0.73 |
Loss of appetite, n (%) | 22 (60) | 40 (61) | 0.91 |
Nausea, n (%) | 13 (35) | 23 (35) | 0.98 |
Vertigo, n (%) | 7 (19) | 10 (15) | 0.62 |
Duration of neurological symptoms | |||
1–2 days, n (%) | 5 (14) | 6 (9) | 0.52 |
3–6 days, n (%) | 17 (46) | 25 (38) | 0.42 |
1–2 weeks, n (%) | 7 (19) | 19 (29) | 0.27 |
2–4 weeks, n (%) | 5 (14) | 10 (15) | 1.00 |
1–2 months, n (%) | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | 0.36 |
> 2 months | 1 (3) | 2 (3) | 1.00 |
Not specified, n (%) | 1 (3) | 4 (6) | 0.65 |
Clinical outcome | |||
Total recovery within 2 months, n (%) | 31 (84) | 56 (85) | 0.43 |
Major persistent symptom | |||
Facial nerve palsy, n (%) | 2 (5) | 7 (11) | 0.48 |
Headache, n (%) | 1 (3) | 2 (3) | 1.00 |
Fatigue, n (%) | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | 0.36 |