Table 1 Comparison of demography, anthropometry and clinical characteristics of obese children
Characteristics | Metabolically Normal Obesity n = 114 (%) | Metabolically Abnormal Obesity n = 36 (%) | p-value | p* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years, median, range) | 8,85 (5,92–11,10) | 11,12 (9,93–13,36) | < 0,001 | |
Sex | 0.09 | |||
Boys | 63 (55) | 14 (39) | ||
Girls | 51(45) | 22 (61) | ||
Birth weight (Kg, median, range) | 3.310 (3.020–3.560) | 3.175 (2.940–3.580) | 0.5 | |
Comorbidity | 0.9 | |||
No | 104 (91) | 33 (92) | ||
Yes | 10 (9) | 3 (8) | ||
Mother’s obesity (n = 123) | 0.003 | 0,02 | ||
Nonobese (BMI < 25 Kg/m2) | 19 (20) | 1 (4) | ||
Overweight (25 < BMI < 30 Kg/m2) | 32 (34) | 4 (14) | ||
Obese (BMI?30/Kg/m2) | 44 (46) | 23 (82) | ||
Father’s obesity (n = 68) | 0.6 | |||
Nonobese (BMI < 25 Kg/m2) | 10 (18) | 3 (25) | ||
Overweight (25 < BMI < 30 Kg/m2) | 21 (38) | 4 (33) | ||
Obese (BMI?30 /Kg/m2) | 25 (45) | 5 (42) | ||
Term pregnancy (n = 123) | ||||
Full-term birth | 91 (97) | 28 (97 | 0.9 | |
Premature birth | 3 (3) | 1 (3) | ||
Feeding (n = 129) | 0.1 | |||
Breastfeeding | 25 (26) | 4 (13) | ||
Formula or mixed | 73 (74) | 27 (87) | ||
BMI (Z-score, median, range) | 4,42[3,94–5,28] | 4,9[4,05–5,38] | < 0,001 | |
Overweight or obesity | ||||
Overweight | 6 (5) | 0 (0) | 0.6 | |
Obesity | 108 (95) | 36 (100) | ||
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg, median, range) | 111 (106–121) | 133.5 (123.5–138.5) | 0.001 | |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg, median, range) | 70 (66–77) | 79.5 (72.5–84.5) | 0.06 | |
Waist circumference (cm, median, range) | 85 (78–96) | 103 (94–109) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
Waist-to-height ratio | 0.62 [0.58–0.67] | 0.66 [0.61–0.69] | 0.3 | |