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Table 3 Unplanned treatment exit among 120 heroin dependent adolescents during the first year on opioid substitution treatment (OST)

From: Opioid substitution treatment and heroin dependent adolescents: reductions in heroin use and treatment retention over twelve months

 

Univariate analysisa

Multivariate cox regression

Estimated 25% drop out

Log rank statistic

P value

Hazard ratio (HR)

(95% CI of HR)

P value

Days

(SE)

Overall

120

(41)

     

Socio-demographic characteristics

 Sex

  Female

75

(9)

     

  Male

225

(55)

2.36

0.13

   

 Age

  Under 18 years

120

(45)

     

  Aged 18 years

62

(69)

0.14

0.70

   

 Early school leaver

  Left Education under age 15

75

(18)

     

  Left school after 15th birthday

197

(69)

1.83

0.18

   

 Family of origin

  Has two parents

270

   

1.0

  

  Single parent/other relative/adopted

75

(19)

8.56

0.003

3.5

(1.7–6.9)

0.001

 Own children

  Has a child

72

(61)

  

5.3

(1.9–14.8)

0.001

  No children

123

(40)

5.11

0.02

1.0

  

 History of being in social care

  Has been in care

75

(28)

     

  Never in social care

155

(41)

3.52

0.06

   

 Parental heroin use

  No heroin use by parents

186

(66)

     

  A parent has heroin problems

72

(52)

2.91

0.09

   

 Heroin use by partner

  Partner has used heroin

270

(89)

  

1.0

  

  No partner/No heroin use by partner

86

(19)

3.53

0.06

2.1

(1.1–4.3)

0.03

 Accommodation in past month

  Homeless or hostel

69

(25)

     

  Stable accommodation

176

(54)

2.40

0.12

   

 Deliberate self harm (DSH)

  Has a history of DSH

75

(28)

  

1.8

(1.0–3.3)

0.07

  No history of past DSH

176

(67)

2.21

0.14

1.0

  

Pre-treatment Drug Use

       

 Lifetime Cocaine

  Use

103

(29)

     

  No use

176

(69)

2.99

0.08

   

 Past month non-prescribed methadone use

  Self reported Use

197

(29)

     

  No self reported use

73

(23)

3.42

0.07

   

 Cocaine

  Positive baseline urine drug screen

50

(15)

  

3.2

(1.4–7.4)

0.006

  All baseline urine drug screens negative

176

(55)

3.97

< 0.05

1.0

  

 Quantity of heroin use per day

  Using 3 ‘bags’ or more per day

69

(19)

     

  Using less than 3 ‘bags’ day

225

(40)

5.77

0.02

   

 Dose of OST at month threeb

  Dose >50mgs methadone (or equivalent)

239

(24)

     

  Dose <= 50mgs methadone (or equivalent)

> 365

 

2.90

0.09

   
  1. aKaplan Meier Survival analysis. The model estimate of the number of days to unplanned discharge by 25% of patients with that characteristic is reported, for comparison
  2. bincludes the 72 people being prescribed OST after 90 days, with methadone equivalent dose for those on buprenorphine being multiplied by 5 (i.e. if on 12mgs of buprenorphine, assigned value of 60mgs in methadone equivalents)
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BMC Pediatrics

ISSN: 1471-2431

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