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Table 2 Logistic regression analysis of impact of time epoch, gestational age, birth weight, and treated PDA on NEC rates, surgical NEC, and NEC or Death

From: Impact of umbilical cord milking and pasteurized donor human milk on necrotizing enterocolitis: a retrospective review

Data as OR (95% CI)

NEC cases

Surgical NEC

Death or NEC

Time epoch (Epoch 1 = Ref)

 Epoch 2

0.58 (0.30–1.12)

0.87 (0.34–2.23)

0.51 (0.28–0.93)

 Epoch 3

0.37 (0.20–0.67)

0.36 (0.14–0.92)

0.30 (0.18–0.52)

Gestational age, week

0.91 (0.74–1.12)

0.77 (0.57–1.05)

0.75 (0.63–0.91)

Birth weight, gram

1.00 (0.99–1.00)

0.99 (0.99–1.00)

0.99 (0.99–1.00)

PDA treated

2.17 (1.25–3.76)

1.23 (0.55–2.74)

0.83 (0.50–1.38)

  1. PDA patent ductus arteriosus, NEC necrotizing enterocolitis, OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval; Epoch 1 pre-umbilical cord milking and pre-donor human milk, Epoch 2 post-umbilical cord milking and post-donor human milk, Epoch 3 post-umbilical cord milking and pre-donor human milk