Table 3 Clinical characteristics and associated factors of late-onset sepsis in each subgroup and period
23–24 weeks’ gestation | Period I (n = 49) | Period II (n = 105) | Total (n = 154) | |||
LOS (n = 17) | Control (n = 32) | LOS (n = 26) | Control (n = 79) | LOS (n = 43) | Control (n = 111) | |
Gestational age, wk | 23.8 ± 0.4 | 23.7 ± 0.5 | 23.6 ± 0.5 | 23.6 ± 0.5 | 23.7 ± 0.5 | 23.7 ± 0.5 |
Body weight, g | 644.5 ± 95.5 | 671.9 ± 124.4 | 633.8 ± 73.5 | 639.7 ± 103.4 | 638.0 ± 82.0 | 649.0 ± 110.2 |
One-min Apgar score | 2.5 ± 1.3 | 2.7 ± 1.4 | 4.3 ± 1.5 * | 4.5 ± 1.3 * | 3.6 ± 1.7 | 4.0 ± 1.5 |
Five-min Apgar score | 5.6 ± 1.2 | 5.6 ± 2.0 | 7.2 ± 1.3 * | 7.1 ± 1.1 * | 6.5 ± 1.5 | 6.7 ± 1.6 |
AGA | 14 (82.4) | 28 (87.5) | 25 (96.2) | 73 (92.4) | 39 (90.7) | 101 (91.0) |
Pathologic CA | 8 (47.1) | 15 (46.9) | 14 (53.8) | 44 (55.7) | 22 (51.2) | 59 (53.2) |
Maternal steroid use | 11 (64.7) | 22 (68.8) | 22 (84.6) | 66 (83.5) | 33 (76.7) | 88 (79.3) |
Intubation duration, d | 51.8 ± 43.2 | 34.5 ± 24.8 | 51.2 ± 46.0 | 41.8 ± 27.2 | 51.4 ± 44.4 | 39.7 ± 26.6 |
N-CPAP duration, d | 19.1 ± 35.0 | 18.5 ± 20.2 | 34.6 ± 40.5 | 32.5 ± 23.3 * | 28.5 ± 38.7 | 28.4 ± 23.3 |
Postnatal steroid use duration, d | 14.8 ± 23.6 | 7.1 ± 8.0 | 23.8 ± 37.4 | 15.2 ± 11.6 * | 11.2 ± 5.4 | 12.0 ± 6.5 |
Umbilical catheter duration, d | 8.8 ± 3.9 | 8.4 ± 7.0 | 12.8 ± 5.8 * | 13.4 ± 5.7 * | 11.2 ± 5.4 | 12.0 ± 6.5 |
PCVC duration, d | 27.1 ± 28.4 | 23.2 ± 18.0 | 64.8 ± 64.8 * | 53.6 ± 37.1 * | 49.9 ± 56.2 | 44.8 ± 35.5 |
Antibiotics use duration, d | 28.4 ± 26.9 | 19.6 ± 14.3 | 39.5 ± 32.0 | 29.2 ± 23.5 * | 35.1 ± 30.2 | 26.4 ± 21.6 |
Hospital stay, d | 88.4 ± 67.6 | 82.1 ± 67.1 | 120.5 ± 92.4 | 113.3 ± 48.5 * | 107.8 ± 84.1 | 104.3 ± 56.0 |
25–26 weeks’ gestation | Period I (n = 75) | Period II (n = 135) | Total (n = 210) | |||
LOS (n = 24) | Control (n = 51) | LOS (n = 12) | Control (n = 123) | LOS (n = 36) | Control (n = 174) | |
Gestational age, wk | 25.5 ± 0.5 | 25.5 ± 0.5 | 25.2 ± 0.4 | 25.5 ± 0.5 # | 25.4 ± 0.5 | 25.5 ± 0.5 # |
Body weight, g | 804.1 ± 139.7 | 809.6 ± 124.2 | 759.7 ± 155.3 | 813.4 ± 121.4 | 789.3 ± 144.4 | 812.3 ± 121.9 |
One-min Apgar score | 2.9 ± 1.7 | 3.6 ± 1.6 | 5.0 ± 1.8 * | 5.1 ± 1.5 * | 3.6 ± 2.0 | 4.7 ± 1.7 |
Five-min Apgar score | 5.7 ± 1.5 | 6.8 ± 1.4 # | 7.0 ± 1.9 * | 7.4 ± 1.2 * | 6.1 ± 1.8 | 7.2 ± 1.3 |
AGA | 22 (91.7) | 48 (94.1) | 9 (75.0) | 115 (93.5) # | 31 (86.1) | 163 (93.7) |
Pathologic CA | 10 (41.7) | 20 (40.0) | 5 (41.7) | 61 (49.6) | 15 (41.7) | 81 (46.8) |
Maternal steroid use | 16 (66.7) | 37 (72.5) | 10 (83.3) | 100 (81.3) | 26 (72.2) | 137 (78.7) |
Intubation duration, d | 44.5 ± 51.9 | 27.7 ± 33.8 | 38.0 ± 16.1 | 18.3 ± 17.8 # | 42.4 ± 43.1 | 21.1 ± 23.9 # |
N-CPAP duration, d | 16.8 ± 14.5 | 24.5 ± 7.3 | 38.1 ± 26.8 * | 29.2 ± 19.7 | 23.9 ± 21.6 | 27.8 ± 19.1 |
Postnatal steroid use duration, d | 9.2 ± 10.3 | 6.6 ± 12.8 | 14.2 ± 10.7 | 5.6 ± 8.0 # | 10.8 ± 10.6 | 5.9 ± 9.7 # |
Umbilical catheter duration, d | 5.8 ± 4.7 | 5.8 ± 5.1 | 10.4 ± 10.0 | 5.6 ± 4.9 | 7.3 ± 7.1 | 5.6 ± 4.9 |
PCVC duration, d | 22.9 ± 15.9 | 22.4 ± 16.8 | 55.4 ± 26.0 * | 43.2 ± 28.6 * | 33.7 ± 24.9 | 37.1 ± 27.3 |
Antibiotics use duration, d | 27.8 ± 18.1 | 18.3 ± 15.9 # | 33.2 ± 15.6 | 17.0 ± 13.8 # | 29.6 ± 17.3 | 17.4 ± 14.4 |
Hospital stay, d | 110.8 ± 61.7 | 94.8 ± 35.0 | 121.5 ± 53.2 | 89.7 ± 32.0 # | 114.4 ± 58.4 | 91.2 ± 32.9 # |
Total, 23–26 weeks’ gestation | Period I (n = 124) | Period II (n = 240) | Total (n = 364) | |||
LOS (41) | Control (83) | LOS (38) | Control (202) | LOS (79) | Control (285) | |
Gestational age, wk | 24.8 ± 0.9 | 24.8 ± 1.0 | 24.1 ± 0.9 * | 24.8 ± 1.0 # | 24.4 ± 1.0 | 24.7 ± 1.0 # |
Body weight, g | 737.9 ± 145.6 | 756.5 ± 140.7 | 673.5 ± 119.8 * | 745.5 ± 142.5 # | 706.9 ± 136.8 | 748.7 ± 141.8 # |
One-min Apgar score | 2.7 ± 1.5 | 3.2 ± 1.5 | 4.6 ± 1.6 * | 4.9 ± 1.5 * | 3.6 ± 1.8 | 4.4 ± 1.7 # |
Five-min Apgar score | 5.6 ± 1.4 | 6.3 ± 1.7 # | 7.1 ± 1.5 * | 7.3 ± 1.2 * | 6.3 ± 1.6 | 7.0 ± 1.4 # |
AGA | 36 (87.8) | 76 (91.6) | 34 (89.5) | 188 (93.1) | 70 (88.6) | 264 (92.6) |
Pathologic CA | 18 (43.9) | 35 (42.7) | 19 (50) | 105 (52) | 37 (46.8) | 140 (49.3) |
Maternal steroid use | 27 (65.9) | 59 (71.1) | 32 (84.2) | 166 (82.2) * | 59 (74.7) | 225 (78.9) |
Intubation duration, d | 47.5 ± 48.0 | 30.3 ± 30.7 # | 47.1 ± 39.3 | 27.5 ± 24.7 # | 47.3 ± 43.7 | 28.3 ± 26.6 # |
N-CPAP duration, d | 17.8 ± 24.7 | 22.2 ± 18.6 | 35.7 ± 36.4 * | 30.5 ± 21.2 * | 26.4 ± 32.0 | 28.1 ± 20.8 |
Postnatal steroid use duration, d | 11.5 ± 17.1 | 6.7 ± 11.2 | 20.8 ± 31.6 | 9.4 ± 10.6 | 16.0 ± 25.4 | 8.5 ± 10.8 # |
Umbilical catheter duration, d | 7.0 ± 4.6 | 6.8 ± 6.0 | 12.0 ± 7.3 * | 8.6 ± 6.5 #* | 9.4 ± 6.5 | 8.1 ± 6.4 |
PCVC duration, d | 24.6 ± 21.7 | 22.7 ± 17.2 | 61.8 ± 55.3 * | 47.2 ± 32.5 * | 42.5 ± 45.2 | 40.1 ± 30.9 |
Antibiotics use duration, d | 28.1 ± 21.9 | 18.8 ± 15.2 # | 37.5 ± 27.8 | 21.8 ± 19.1 # | 32.6 ± 25.2 | 20.9 ± 18.0 # |
Hospital stay, d | 101.5 ± 64.3 | 89.9 ± 49.9 | 120.8 ± 81.3 | 99.0 ± 40.8 | 110.8 ± 73.1 | 96.3 ± 43.7 |