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Table 4 Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis of factors associated with childhood diarrhea in Medebay Zana District, Northwest Tigray, Ethiopia, 2015 (n = 597; cases: 199 and controls: 398)

From: Determinants of childhood diarrhea in Medebay Zana District, Northwest Tigray, Ethiopia: a community based unmatched case–control study

Variables

Diarrheal disease status

COR (95% CI)

AOR (95% CI)

Cases, N (%)

Controls, N (%)

Maternal relation with child

 Caregiver

9 (4.5)

6 (1.5)

3.09 (1.07, 8.82)*

 Mother

190 (95.5)

392 (98.5)

1

1

Head of household

 Female

15 (7.5)

19 (4.8)

1.63 (0.81, 3.27)+

 Male

184 (92.5)

379 (95.2)

1

1

Maternal educational status (n = 582)

 Low educational level

185 (95.5)

342 (88.4)

3.27 (2.06, 5.18)***

2.88 (1.70, 4.88)***

 High educational level

9 (4.5)

45 (11.6)

1

1

Age of the child in month

  < 6

5 (2.5)

56 (14.1)

1

1

 6–11

33 (16.6)

76 (19.1)

4.86 (1.77, 13.25)*

7.48 (2.40, 23.32)*

 12–23

70 (35.2)

109 (27.4)

7.19 (2.75, 18.84)***

11.64 (3.86, 35.12)***

 24 and above

91 (45.7)

157 (39.4)

6.49 (2.51, 16.79)***

8.97 (3.01, 26.68)***

No of under five children in household

 2 or less

173 (86.9)

383 (96.2)

1

1

 3+

26 (13.1)

15 (3.8)

3.84 (1.98, 7.43)***

4.05 (1.91, 8.60)***

Child birth order

 1

48 (24.1)

99 (24.9)

1

1

 2–3

101 (50.8)

176 (44.2)

1.18 (0.78, 1.81)

 4–5

24 (12.1)

82 (20.6)

0.60 (.34, 1.07)+

 6+

26 (13.1)

41 (10.3)

1.31 (0.72, 2.38)

Place of delivery

 Home

93 (46.7)

126 (31.7)

1.89 (1.34, 2.69)***

 Health facility

106 (53.3)

272 (68.3)

1

1

Duration the child exclusively breast fed

 Not exclusive

27 (13.6)

18 (4.5)

3.31 (1.78, 6.18)***

4.84 (2.21, 10.60)***

 Up to 6 months

172 (86.4)

380 (95.5

1

1

Time initiated complementary feeding

 Initiated above 6 months of age

72 (36.2)

105 (26.4)

1.58 (1.09, 2.28)*

1.78 (1.09, 2.92)*

 Initiated at 6 months of age

127 (63.8)

293 (73.6)

1

1

Maternal diarrhea in the last two weeks

 Yes

29 (14.6)

31 (7.8)

2.02 (1.18, 3.46)*

2.10 (1.09, 4.05)*

 No

170 (85.4)

367 (92.2)

1

1

Toilet facility in the household

 No facility

139 (69.8)

186 (46.7)

2.64 (1.84, 3.79)***

2.10 (1.34, 3.30)***

 Traditional or improved toilet

60 (30.2)

212 (53.3)

1

1

Domestic solid waste disposal methods

 Improper

122 (61.3)

151 (37.9)

2.59 (1.83, 3.68)***

2.29 (1.53, 3.44)***

 Proper

77 (38.7)

247 (62.1)

1

1

Household drinking water

 Unprotected

67 (33.7)

70 (17.6)

2.38 (1.61, 3.52)***

1.83 (1.12, 2.98)*

 Protected

132 (66.3)

328 (82.4)

1

1

Round trip distance to fetch water

  > 30 min

74 (37.2)

171 (43.0)

0.79 (0.55, 1.11)+

  = <  30 min

125 (62.8)

227 (57.0)

1

1

Soap use for hand washing at critical time

 Yes

31 (15.6)

103 (25.9)

1

1

 No

168 (84.4)

295 (74.1)

1.89 (1.21, 2.95)**

  1. Statistically significant at + P < 0.2 *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, CI confidence interval, COR crude odds ratio, AOR adjusted odds ratio. Case = under five children with diarrhea Control = under five children without diarrhea