Table 4 Participant’s response on risk factors for congenital anomaly: Results from multivariable analysis-adjusted for substance abuse/behavioral, parental, and environmental factors, maternal illness, iron folate/folic acid, multivitamin, and vegetable use variables, Addis Ababa and the Amhara Region, Ethiopia, 2016
Characteristics | Cases | Controls | COR | AOR | 95% CI | P-value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
lower | upper | |||||||||
Number | % | Number | % | |||||||
Iron folate/folic acid use | Yes | 2 | 1 | 22 | 10.6 | 0.082 | 0.051 | 0.010 | 0.260 | < 0.001 |
No | 205 | 99 | 185 | 89.4 | 1Ref | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
Unidentified medication use | Yes | 35 | 16.9 | 8 | 3.9 | 5.062 | 4.595 | 1.868 | 11.301 | 0.001 |
No | 172 | 83.1 | 199 | 96.1 | 1 | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
Drank alcohol (daily, occasionally and 1-3times in a week) | Yes | 49 | 23.7 | 18 | 8.7 | 3.256 | 2.394 | 1.212 | 4.726 | 0.012 |
No | 158 | 76.3 | 189 | 91.3 | 1 | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
Exp. to chemical (mother) | Yes | 13 | 6.3 | 1 | 0.5 | 13.804 | 9.964 | 1.238 | 80.193 | 0.031 |
No | 194 | 93.7 | 206 | 99.5 | 1 | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
Contraceptive use | Yes | 24 | 11.6 | 5 | 2.4 | 5.298 | 4.840 | 1.647 | 14.224 | 0.004 |
No | 183 | 88.4 | 202 | 97.6 | 1 | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
Blood relationship between child parents | Yes | 10 | 4.8 | 2 | 1 | 5.203 | 6.234 | 0.959 | 40.521 | 0.055 |
No | 197 | 95.2 | 205 | 99 | 1 | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
Family history | Yes | 9 | 4.3 | 3 | 1.4 | 3.091 | 3.397 | 0.862 | 13.393 | 0.081 |
No | 198 | 95 | 204 | 98.6 | 1 | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
Vegetable Serving | Yes | 139 | 67.1 | 164 | 79.2 | 0.536 | 0.644 | 0.392 | 1.059 | 0.083 |
No | 68 | 32.9 | 43 | 20.8 | 1 | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
Maternal illness | Yes | 24 | 11.6 | 13 | 6.3 | 1.957 | 2.025 | 0.903 | 4.54 | 0.087 |
No | 183 | 88.4 | 194 | 93.7 | 1 | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
Exp. to radiation before conception (child father) | Yes | 7 | 3.4 | 2 | 1 | 3.587 | 6.838 | 0.741 | 63.109 | 0.090 |
No | 200 | 96.6 | 205 | 99 | 1 | Â | Â | Â | Â | |