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Table 2 Prevalence and Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) of low birth weighta across covariates

From: Analysis of low birth weight and its co-variants in Bangladesh based on a sub-sample from nationally representative survey

Variables

Total, n = 2319

Card, n = 626

Recall, n = 1693

LBW, n (%)

AOR (95% CI)

LBW, n (%)

AOR (95% CI)

LBW, n (%)

AOR (95% CI)

Mother's education (ref.: Others)

391 (22.5)

1.00

124 (27.4)

1.00

267 (20.8)

1.00

 Secondary complete or Higher

78 (13.4)

0.52 (0.39–0.68)***

22 (12.7)

0.39 (0.23–0.65)***

56 (13.7)

0.58(0.41–0.81)**

Household head education (ref.: Others)

384 (15.9)

1.00

267 (20.2)

1.00

117 (17.7)

1.00

 Secondary complete or Higher

85 (21.5)

0.68 (0.52–0.89)***

56 (15.1)

0.64 (0.40–1.01)

29 (25.7)

0.69 (0.49–0.97)*

ANC visit (ref.: Yes)

394 (19.5)

1.00

17 (32.1)

1.00

58 (24.1)

1.00

 No

75 (25.5)

1.40 (1.04–1.90)*

129 (22.5)

1.55 (0.82–2.94)

265 (18.3)

1.41 (0.98–2.02)

ANC assistance (ref.: Other person)

150 (26.2)

1.00

41 (31.1)

1.00

109 (24.7)

1.00

 Doctor/Nurse/Midwife/Auxiliary midwife

319 (18.3)

0.63 (0.50–0.80)***

105 (21.3)

0.61 (0.39–0.96)*

214 (17.1)

0.62 (0.46–0.83)**

Place of delivery (ref.: Others)

253 (16.3)

1.00

85 (19.2)

1.00

168 (15.1)

1.00

 Home

216 (28.3)

2.13 (2.12–2.14)***

61 (33.2)

2.12 (1.37–3.26)***

155 (26.8)

2.23 (1.69–2.96)***

Delivery assistance (ref.: Other person)

165 (28.2)

1.00

49 (34.5)

1.00

116 (26.1)

1.00

 Doctor/Nurse/Midwife/Auxiliary midwife

304 (17.5)

0.52 (0.41–0.66)***

97 (20.0)

0.47 (0.30–0.75)**

207 (16.6)

0.52 (0.38–0.70)***

Delivered by caesarean (ref.: No)

314 (24.3)

1.00

92 (28.3)

1.00

222 (23.0)

1.00

 Yes

155 (15.1)

0.54 (0.53–0.54)***

54 (17.9)

0.56 (0.37–0.84)**

101 (13.9)

0.52 (0.39–0.69)***

Wealth index (ref.: Low)

205 (26.4)

1.00

65 (33.7)

1.00

140 (23.8)

1.00

 Middle

85 (21.9)

0.78 (0.78–0.79)***

28 (25.9)

0.68 (0.40–1.16)

57 (20.4)

0.81 (0.55–1.19)

 High

179 (15.6)

0.50 (0.50–0.51)***

53 (16.3)

0.38 (0.24–0.59)***

126 (15.3)

0.55 (0.41–0.75)***

Place of residence (ref.: Urban)

102 (19.9)

1.00

32 (21.5)

1.00

70 (19.3)

1.00

 Rural

367 (20.3)

1.02 (0.78–1.34)

114 (23.9)

1.14 (0.72–1.79)

253 (19.0)

0.97 (0.69–1.37)

  1. p-value: *** < 0.001, ** < 0.01, * < 0.05
  2. aModels additionally adjusted mother’s age, parity, and conditional on cluster level random effect