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Table 2 Comparison of PedsQL domain scores among normal weight and overweight/obese adolescents stratified by the cumulative number of cardiometabolic risk factors

From: Metabolic correlates of health-related quality of life among overweight and obese adolescents

PedsQL

Normal weight

Overweight/obesea

(n = 10)

overall (n = 60)

≥ 1 CRF (n = 42)

≥ 2 CRF (n = 20)

Mean (±S.D.)

Mean (±S.D.)

Effect sizeb (p-value)

Mean (±S.D.)

Effect sizeb (p-value)

Mean (±S.D.)

Effect sizeb (p-value)

Total score

90.7 (±10.2)

79.2 (±17.3)

0.67* (0.009)

77.9 (±18.7)

0.75* (0.007)

77.4 (±19.3)

0.74* (0.021)

Physical

91.9 (±11.2)

81.8 (±15.1)

0.67* (0.048)

80.4 (±16.2)

0.74* (0.041)

81.8 (±16.8)

0.64 (0.101)

Psychosocial

90.0 (±10.7)

77.9 (±19.6)

0.64* (0.009)

76.5 (±21.1)

0.75* (0.008)

75.1 (±21.9)

0.75* (0.018)

Emotional

86.0 (±15.6)

76.2 (±21.7)

0.47 (0.174)

74.4 (±23.6)

0.53 (0.146)

71.0 (±25.8)

0.63 (0.103)

Socialc

97.0 (±7.9)

84.6 (±22.9)

0.57* (0.027)

84.4 (±21.7)

0.66* (0.026)

84.5 (±21.0)

0.67 (0.055)

School

87.0 (±15.7)

72.9 (±23.8)

0.61 (0.076)

70.8 (±26.0)

0.67* (0.019)

69.8 (±25.0)

0.73* (0.029)

  1. PedsQL represents the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0, S.D. standard deviation
  2. a18 overweight/obese children did not have cardiometabolic risk factor
  3. bEffect size using Cohen’s d: difference of two samples divided by pooled standard deviation. Effect size between 0.5 and 0.8 indicates moderate effect
  4. cMann-Whitney U test was applied because the PedsQL scores in the social domain were not normally distributed in the normal weight group
  5. *p-value < 0.05