Table 1 Metabolic and lifestyle characteristics of participants
From: Metabolic correlates of health-related quality of life among overweight and obese adolescents
Normal weight (n = 10) | Overweight/obese (n = 60) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
Age, years | 14.4 (±2.9) | 13.3 (±2.3) | 0.178 |
Male/female, n | 7/3 | 40/20 | 0.835 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 17.8 (±2.9) | 29.6 (±4.6) | < 0.001 |
BMI z-score | −0.43 (±0.6) | 3.58 (±1.5) | < 0.001 |
Systolic pressure, mmHg | 109.6 (±13.5) | 121.8(±14.6) | 0.017 |
Diastolic pressure, mmHg | 60.8 (±13.4) | 74.8 (±12.7) | 0.002 |
Glucose metabolism markers | |||
Fasting glucose, mg/dl | 86.2 (±4.7) | 97.6 (±24.5) | 0.148 |
Insulin, uU/ml | 4.2 (±2.6) | 17.6 (±15.9) | < 0.001 |
HOMA-IR | 0.89 (±0.58) | 4.28 (±4.13) | < 0.001 |
QUICKI | 0.41 (±0.04) | 0.32 (±0.03) | < 0.001 |
ALT, U/l | 20.9 (±24.2) | 42.6 (±45.8) | 0.150 |
Lipid metabolism markers | |||
Triglycerides, mg/dl | 80.7 (±32.6) | 121.8 (±65.8) | 0.005 |
Total cholesterol, mg/dl | 167.2 (±38.2) | 172.8 (±29.4) | 0.592 |
LDL cholesterol, mg/dl | 100.5 (±24.7) | 113.9 (±28.4) | 0.167 |
HDL cholesterol, mg/dl | 68.0 (±18.4) | 49.5 (±10.6) | < 0.001 |
Bone metabolism | |||
25-OHD, ng/ml | 33.6 (±7.0) | 27.9 (±7.3) | 0.039 |
C-terminal telopeptide, pg/ml | 1562.6 (±882.3) | 1443.3 (±695.5) | 0.760 |
Osteocalcin, ng/ml | 99.4 (±45.0) | 71.8 (±38.1) | 0.068 |
Body composition | |||
Trunk fat (%) | 14.0 (±7.9) | 41.2 (±4.6) | < 0.001 |
Total fat (%) | 15.7 (±7.3) | 38.6 (±4.8) | < 0.001 |
Lifestyle parameters | |||
Heavy-moderate vigorous exercise, mins/day | 138.6 (±95.6) | 36.8 (±40.7) | < 0.001 |
Light vigorous exercise, mins/day | 18.0 (±28.5) | 17.7 (±41.7) | 0.985 |
Sleep, hours/day | 7.6 (±1.3) | 8.0 (±1.3) | 0.940 |
Sun exposure, hours/day | 2.2 (±1.0) | 2.1 (±2.0) | 0.404 |