Table 2 Odds ratios for cardiometabolic risk factors and vitamin D deficiency with a moderate or high grip strength relative to a low grip strength (N = 350)

 Model 1

1.00

0.58 (0.35, 0.98)

0.28 (0.16, 0.48)

< 0.0001

 Model 2

1.00

0.57 (0.34, 0.98)

0.28 (0.16, 0.50)

< 0.0001

 Model 3

1.00

1.19 (0.64, 2.22)

0.98 (0.47, 2.04)

0.93

 Model 4

1.00

0.57 (0.33, 0.97)

0.28 (0.16, 0.49)

< 0.0001

 Model 1

1.00

0.79 (0.44, 1.40)

0.47 (0.25, 0.88)

0.02

 Model 2

1.00

0.80 (0.44, 1.46)

0.48 (0.25, 0.92)

0.03

 Model 3

1.00

1.36 (0.69, 2.68)

1.24 (0.54, 2.82)

0.62

 Model 4

1.00

0.75 (0.41, 1.39)

0.44 (0.23, 0.86)

0.02

 Model 1

1.00

0.12 (0.06, 0.22)

0.04 (0.02, 0.07)

< 0.0001

 Model 2

1.00

0.11 (0.06, 0.21)

0.03 (0.01, 0.06)

< 0.0001

 Model 3

–

–

–

–

 Model 4

1.00

0.10 (0.05 0.20)

0.03 (0.01, 0.06)

< 0.0001

 Model 1

1.00

1.03 (0.62, 1.70)

0.95 (0.57, 1.56)

0.82

 Model 2

1.00

1.01 (0.60, 1.70)

0.90 (0.53, 1.52)

0.68

 Model 3

1.00

1.60 (0.90, 2.85)

1.90 (0.99, 3.65)

0.06

 Model 4

–

–

–

–