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Table 3 Summary of results

From: Preterm birth and the timing of puberty: a systematic review

Authors and year of study

Country

Sex of participants

Timing of menarche in females (years)

Onset of puberty in males (years)

Statistical summary measure (type)

Atay et al.

Turkey

Females only

No difference

 

No

Bhargava et al

India

Females and males

Earlier in preterm (0.5)

Later in preterm (0.18)

No

Chaudari et al

India

Females and males

Earlier in preterm (0.3)

Earlier in preterm (9.7% more attained)

No

D’Aloisio et al.

US

Females only

No difference

 

Yes (RR with 95% CI)

Dossus et al.

France

Females only

Earlier in preterm (0.07)

 

Yes (Beta value with 95% CI)

Epplein et al

US

Females only

No difference

 

Yes (HR with 95% CI)

Ford et al.

Australia

Females and males

No difference

No difference

No

Hack et al

US

Females only

No difference

 

Yes (T test)

Hui et al.

Hong Kong

Females and males

Onset of puberty later in preterm (0.2)

No difference

Yes (TR with 95% CI)

Kitchen et al

Australia

Females only

Earlier in preterm (0.94)

 

No

Moisan et al

Canada

Females only

No difference

 

No

Peralta-Carcelen

US

Females and males

Earlier in preterm (0.3)

No difference

No

Persson et al.

Sweden

Females and males

No difference

No difference

Yes (T test)

Saigal et al

Canada

Females only

No difference

 

Yes (mean with sd)

Sipola-Lapponen et al

Finland

Females and males

“Girls born preterm were at an earlier pubertal stage than controls”

No difference

Yes (χ2 test)

Wehkalampi et al.

Finland

Females and males

Earlier in AGA preterm (0.3)

Later in SGA preterm (0.1)

Voice break earlier in AGA (0.5) and in SGA (0.3) preterm

Yes (T test)

  1. Abbreviations: RR Relative risk, HR Hazard Ratio, TR Time Ratio, CI Confidence Interval, sd standard deviation