Table 1 Assessment of risk of bias
From: Preterm birth and the timing of puberty: a systematic review
Authors | Peer reviewed? | Clearly focused study question? | Study design | Cohort recruitment acceptable? (Cohort, cross sectional studies) | Case control appropriate study method? (Case control studies) | Exposure (gestational age at birth) accurately measured? | Outcome (age at menarche/onset puberty) accurately measured? | Confounding factors identified? | Confounding factors accounted for? | Statistical summary measure given? |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Atay et al. | Yes | Yes | Cross-sectional | Yes | N/A | Reported by parents | Self reported by participants or parents | Yes | No | No |
Bhargava et al | Yes | Yes | Cohort | Yes | N/A | Not documented | Data from outpatient clinics | Yes | Yes | No |
Chaudhari et al | Yes | Yes | Cohort | Yes | N/A | Not documented | Data from outpatient clinics | Yes. | Yes | No |
D’Aloisio et al. | Yes | Yes | Cohort | Yes. | N/A | Self reported by participants or parents | Self reported by participants | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Dossus et al | Yes | Yes | Cohort | Yes | N/A | Self reported by participants | Self reported by participants | Yes | No | Yes |
Epplein et al | Yes | Yes | Cross-sectional | Yes | N/A | Calculated from date of LMP | Data from outpatient clinics | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Ford et al | Yes | Yes | Nested cohort | Yes | N/A | Calculated from date of LMP and ultrasound measurements | Data from outpatient clinics | Yes | No | No |
Hack et al. | Yes | Yes | Cohort | Control group recruited at 8 years of age | N/A | Calculated from date of LMP | Not documented | Yes | No | Yes |
Hui et al. | Yes | Yes | Cohort | Yes | N/A | Calculated from date of LMP | Data from outpatient clinics | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Kitchen et al | Yes | Yes | Cohort | No control group | N/A | Not documented | Data from outpatient clinics | Yes | No | No |
Moisan et al. | Yes | Yes | Nested cohort | Yes | N/A | Reported by parents | Reported by parents | No | No | No |
Peralta-Calcelen et al | Yes | Yes | Cross-sectional | Control group recruited in adolescence | N/A | Calculated from date of LMP and ultrasound measurements | Data from outpatient clinics | Yes | Yes | No |
Persson et al. | Yes | Yes | Case control | N/A | Yes | Not documented | Data from outpatient clinics | No | No | Yes |
Saigal et al | Yes | Yes | Cohort | Control group recruited at 8 years of age | N/A | Calculated from date of LMP and ultrasound measurements | Data from outpatient clinics | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Sipola-Leppänen et al | Yes | Yes | Cohort | Yes | N/A | Calculated from date of LMP and ultrasound measurements | Data from outpatient clinics | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Wehkalampi et al | Yes | Yes | Cohort | Yes | N/A | Not documented | Data from outpatient clinics | Yes | Yes | Yes |