Table 2 Estimated unadjusted and adjusted beta coefficients of positive-interaction parenting and related characteristics among primiparous mothers with children 0–23 month-old
|  | Teen Mothers N = 49,050 | Optimal Age Mothers N = 748,683 | Advanced Age Mothers N = 100,137 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|  | Unadjusted βa (95%CI)b | Adjusted βa (95%CI)b | Unadjusted βa (95%CI)b | Adjusted βa (95%CI)b | Unadjusted βa (95%CI)b | Adjusted βa (95%CI)b |
Maternal Socio-Demographic Characteristics | ||||||
Mother’s Age at Childbirth | .11 (−.10, .32) |  | .02 (−.001, .04) |  | −.01 (−.12, .10) |  |
Ever Immigrants of Canada1 | .15 (−.92, 1.21) |  | −.53 (−.83, −.23) | −.42 (−.71, −.14) | −.30 (−.87, .28) |  |
Married/With Partner2 | .24 (−0.24, .71) |  | .33 (−.02, .68) |  | −.17 (−.69, .35) |  |
Resides in Urban Population3 | −.06 (−.70, .57) |  | −.09 (−.26, .08) |  | −.29 (−.83, .25) |  |
Postsecondary/Part University4 Bachelor Degree or higher4 | .13 (−.40, .65) N/A |  | .35 (.10, .61) .48 (.19, .77) | .27 (.02, .53) .39 (.08, .71) | −.10 (−.75, .55) −.14 (−.83, .56) |  |
Household Income | .01 (−.003, .02) |  | .002 (.001, .004) |  | .001 (−.002, .004) |  |
Working Part-time5 Working Full-time5 | .19 (−.36, .75) −.22 (−.88, .45) | .19 (−.38, .77) −.31 (−.96, .34) | .19 (−.02, .40) −.02 (−.22, .18) | .15 (−.05, .36) −.09 (−.29, .10) | −.39 (−1.07, .29) −.24 (−.79, .31) |  |
Maternal Health and Social Characteristics | ||||||
Very good/Excellent Health6 | .86 (.38, 1.34) | .77 (.22, 1.31) | .15 (−.02, .32) |  | −.41 (−.78, −.03) | −.62 (−1.04, −.20) |
Depression | −.04 (−.09, .01) |  | −.05 (−.07, −.03) | −.03 (−.05, −.01) | −.07 (−.13, −.01) | −.07 (−.13, −.01) |
Family Functioning | −.06 (−.10, −.01) | −.05 (−.10, −.01) | −.06 (−.07, −.04) | −.05 (−.06, −.03) | −.05 (−.10, −.01) |  |
Social Support | .03 (−.05, .11) |  | .06 (.04, .08) |  | .08 (.03, .14) | .08 (.03, .13) |
Devoted to Religion8 | .27 (−.21, .75) |  | −.20 (−.35, −.04) | −.19 (−.33, −.04) | −.28 (−.69, .13) |  |
Child Characteristics | ||||||
Age of Child (months) | −.05 (−.10, .01) |  | −.04 (−.05, −.02) | −.03 (−.05, −.01) | −.06 (−.09, −.02) | −.05 (−.09, −.01) |
Female Child9 | −.46 (−.92, −.01) |  | −.02 (−.18, .14) |  | −.34 (−.76, .09) |  |
Used Child Care7 | −.04 (−.56, .48) |  | −.26 (−.42, −.09) | −.29 (−.48, −.10) | −.30 (−.71, .11) |  |
Improved Health6 | .34 (−.66, 1.33) |  | .44 (.08, .79) |  | .59 (−.54, 1.72) |  |
Overall Temperament | .01 (−.14, .17) |  | .01 (−.0003, .01) |  | −.002 (−.09, .08) | −.003 (−.08, .07) |
Survey Data | ||||||
Cycle 5 (2002–2003)10 Cycle 6 (2004–2005)10 Cycle 7 (2006–2007)10 Cycle 8 (2008–2009)10 | .24 (−.31, .80) −.29 (−.94, .36) −.30 (−1.07, .46) .29 (−0.18, .76) |  | .28 (.11, .46) −.09 (−.28, .10) −.13 (−.35, .10) .12 (−.05, .30) | .35 (.12, .59) .05 (−.20, .30) −.12 (−.43, .19) .05 (−.20, .31) | .23 (−.27, .73) .15 (−.30, .60) −.18 (−.87, .51) −.27 (−.71, .17) |  |