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Table 2 BOT-2 Fine motor composite standardised scores and subtest scale scores in children with no PAE; PAE (no FASD); and FASD

From: Fine motor skills in a population of children in remote Australia with high levels of prenatal alcohol exposure and Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder

 

Total Cohort

n = 108a

No PAE

n = 43

PAE (no FASD)

n = 39

FASD

n = 21

ANOVA

M (SD)

95% CI

M (SD)

95% CI

M (SD)

95% CI

M (SD)

95% CI

df

F

p

FINE MOTOR COMPOSITE

48.6 (7.4)

47.2–50.0

49.8 (7.2)

47.6–52.0

48.8 (6.2)

46.8–50.8

45.2 (7.7)

41.7–48.7

2100

3.17

0.046*d

Fine Manual Controlb

42.5 (6.2)

41.3–43.6

43.4 (6.2)

41.4–45.3

41.9 (5.3)

40.2–43.6

41.1 (7.3)

37.8–44.5

2100

1.10

0.336

  Fine Motor Precision c

12.3 (3.3)

11.7–12.9

12.7 (3.4)

11.7–13.8

11.9 (2.6)

11.0–12.7

11.8 (4.0)

10.0–13.6

2100

0.94

0.393

  Fine Motor Integration c

11.0 (2.9)

10.5–11.6

11.3 (2.7)

10.4–12.1

11.2 (2.9)

10.3–12.2

10.1 (3.0)

8.8–11.5

2100

1.29

0.279

Manual Coordinationb

55.7 (7.9)

54.2–57.2

57.0 (7.7)

54.6–59.4

56.2 (7.0)

53.9–58.5

51.8 (7.3)

48.4–55.1

2100

3.74

0.027*d

  Manual Dexterity c

14.9 (3.7)

14.2–15.6

15.4 (3.5)

14.3–16.4

15.1 (3.1)

14.1–16.1

13.2 (4.0)

11.4–15.0

2100

2.97

0.056

  Upper-Limb Coordination c

19.6 (4.4)

18.7–20.4

19.8 (4.4)

18.5–21.2

20.0 (4.5)

18.5–21.5

18.0 (3.8)

16.3–19.7

2100

1.64

0.200

  1. * p < 0.05
  2. a ‘Total Cohort’ includes n = 5 children with unknown PAE who are not included in the No PAE, PAE (no FASD), or FASD groups
  3. b BOT-2 norms M = 50, SD = 10
  4. c BOT-2 norms M = 15, SD = 5. Lower scores represent poorer performance in composites and subtests
  5. d Tukey’s HSD: No PAE > FASD