From: Determinants of overweight with concurrent stunting among Ghanaian children
Variables | Level | Frequency (%) | Crude PR (95% CI) | Adjusted PR (95% CI) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Intermediate factors | ||||
 Sources of drinking water | Pipe water | 2538 (34.35) | Ref | Ref |
Tube Well, Borehole, Tanker | 2308 (31.24) | 1.002 (0.996–1.008) | 0.994 (0.986–1.002) | |
River, Spring and other water bodies | 946 (12.80) | 0.996 (0.987–1.005) | 1.001 (0.997–1.005) | |
Bottled Water, Sachet Water | 1596 (21.60) | 1.003 (0.997–1.010) | 0.995 (0.986–1.003) | |
 Marital status | Currently married | 4654 (63.51) | Ref | Ref |
Formerly married | 587 (8.01) | 1.003 (0.994–1.011) | 0.989 (0.957–1.022) | |
Never married | 2087 (28.48) | 0.996 (0.990–0.998)* | 0.992 (0.981–0.997)* | |
 Maternal age at child birth | Less than 20 | 1400 (18.54) | Ref | Ref |
20–34 | 5226 (69.22) | 1.002 (0.995–1.009) | 1.001 (0.994–1.005) | |
35–49 | 924 (12.24) | 1.002 (0.993–1.012) | 1.001 (0.998–1.012) | |
 Type of birth | Twin | 296 (3.92) | Ref | Ref |
Single | 7254 (96.68) | 1.000 (0.992–1.026) | 1.009 (0.984–1.034) | |
 Size of child at birth | Large | 825 (43.13) | Ref | Ref |
Average | 870 (45.48) | 1.004 (0.998–1.010) | 1.004 (0.997–1.010) | |
Small | 218 (11.40) | 1.001 (0.991–1.012) | 1.001 (0.990–1.012) | |
 Birth order | 1 | 2127 (28.17) | Ref | Ref |
2–3 | 2973 (39.83) | 1.000 (0.993–1.006) | 0.997 (0.991–1.002) | |
4–6 | 1919 (25.42) | 1.002 (0.996–1.010) | 0.995 (0.987–1.003) | |
7 + | 531 (7.03) | 1.001 (0.991–1.012) | 1.000 (0.996–1.014) | |
 Area of residence | Urban | 2117 (28.04) | Ref | Ref |
Rural | 5433 (71.96) | 1.329 (0.810–2.183) | 1.001 (0.997–1.034) | |
 Geographic zones | Coastal/southern Zone | 1806 (23.92) | Ref | Ref |
Middle zone | 1624 (21.51) | 0.872 (0.480–1.581) | 1.011 (1.000–1.014)* | |
Northern zone | 4120 (54.57) | 0.817 (0.500–1.336) | 1.012 (0.998–1.026) | |
 Three northern and non-northern regions | All but three northern regions | 2551 (33.79) | Ref | Ref |
Three northern regions | 4999 (66.21) | 0.848 (0.552 – 1.302) | 0.996 (0.986 – 1.001) |