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Table 3 Distribution of overweight with concurrent stunting according to the intermediate factors with their corresponding unadjusted and adjusted prevalence ratios

From: Determinants of overweight with concurrent stunting among Ghanaian children

Variables

Level

Frequency (%)

Crude PR (95% CI)

Adjusted PR (95% CI)

Intermediate factors

 Sources of drinking water

Pipe water

2538 (34.35)

Ref

Ref

Tube Well, Borehole, Tanker

2308 (31.24)

1.002 (0.996–1.008)

0.994 (0.986–1.002)

River, Spring and other water bodies

946 (12.80)

0.996 (0.987–1.005)

1.001 (0.997–1.005)

Bottled Water, Sachet Water

1596 (21.60)

1.003 (0.997–1.010)

0.995 (0.986–1.003)

 Marital status

Currently married

4654 (63.51)

Ref

Ref

Formerly married

587 (8.01)

1.003 (0.994–1.011)

0.989 (0.957–1.022)

Never married

2087 (28.48)

0.996 (0.990–0.998)*

0.992 (0.981–0.997)*

 Maternal age at child birth

Less than 20

1400 (18.54)

Ref

Ref

20–34

5226 (69.22)

1.002 (0.995–1.009)

1.001 (0.994–1.005)

35–49

924 (12.24)

1.002 (0.993–1.012)

1.001 (0.998–1.012)

 Type of birth

Twin

296 (3.92)

Ref

Ref

Single

7254 (96.68)

1.000 (0.992–1.026)

1.009 (0.984–1.034)

 Size of child at birth

Large

825 (43.13)

Ref

Ref

Average

870 (45.48)

1.004 (0.998–1.010)

1.004 (0.997–1.010)

Small

218 (11.40)

1.001 (0.991–1.012)

1.001 (0.990–1.012)

 Birth order

1

2127 (28.17)

Ref

Ref

2–3

2973 (39.83)

1.000 (0.993–1.006)

0.997 (0.991–1.002)

4–6

1919 (25.42)

1.002 (0.996–1.010)

0.995 (0.987–1.003)

7 +

531 (7.03)

1.001 (0.991–1.012)

1.000 (0.996–1.014)

 Area of residence

Urban

2117 (28.04)

Ref

Ref

Rural

5433 (71.96)

1.329 (0.810–2.183)

1.001 (0.997–1.034)

 Geographic zones

Coastal/southern Zone

1806 (23.92)

Ref

Ref

Middle zone

1624 (21.51)

0.872 (0.480–1.581)

1.011 (1.000–1.014)*

Northern zone

4120 (54.57)

0.817 (0.500–1.336)

1.012 (0.998–1.026)

 Three northern and non-northern regions

All but three northern regions

2551 (33.79)

Ref

Ref

Three northern regions

4999 (66.21)

0.848 (0.552 – 1.302)

0.996 (0.986 – 1.001)