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Table 2 Prevalence of diarrhoea and diagnostic accuracy of next-day maternal recall compared with diaper observation of stool as the ‘gold standard’ method

From: Stool frequency recording in severe acute malnutrition (‘StoolSAM’); an agreement study comparing maternal recall versus direct observation using diapers

Day

Diarrhoea Prevalence ‘Gold Standard’a

Specificity (95% CI)

Sensitivity (95% CI)

PPV (95% CI)

NPV (95% CI)

1

20/52 (38%)

94% (80 to 99%)

75% (51 to 91%)

88% (65 to 97%)

86% (74 to 93%)

2

25/50 (50%)

80% (61 to 94%)

56% (35 to 76%)

74% (54 to 87%)

65% (53 to 75%)

  1. aData presented are those of children that had completed both diaper observations and maternal recall on each given day
  2. PPV positive predictive value, NPV negative predictive value