Growth of HIV-exposed uninfected, compared with HIV-unexposed, Zambian children: a longitudinal analysis from infancy to school age

Table 4 Changes with time in differences^a of anthropometric Z-scores between the HUU and HEU children and infants

	Weight-for-age	Length/height-for-age	BMI-for-age
Breast Feeding and Postpartum Health (BFPH) study
6–1 week	0.17 [0.01, 0.35] P = 0.06	0.35 [0.04, 0.66] P = 0.03	−0.05 [−0.39, 0.29] P = 0.77
16–6 weeks	0.05 [−0.13, 0.22] P = 0.59	0.00 [−0.27, 0.27] P = 0.99	0.01 [−0.27, 0.29] P = 0.95
~2.7 years-16 weeks	−0.15 [−0.51, 0.21] P = 0.41	0.44 [−0.13, 1.02] P = 0.13	−0.64 [−1.24, 0.05] P = 0.03
~11.6 - ~ 2.7 years	-	−0.36 [−0.95, 0.24] P = 0.24	0.09 [−0.64, 0.82] P = 0.81
Chilenje Infant Growth, Nutrition and Infection Study (CIGNIS)
6 months-birth	0.13 [−0.08, 0.35] P = 0.22	-	-
9–6 months	0.03 [−0.12, 0.06] P = 0.50	0.01 [−0.08, 0.10] P = 0.78	0.05 [−0.17, 0.07] P = 0.39
12–9 months	−0.03 [−0.12, 0.05] P = 0.43	0.02 [−0.07, 0.11] P = 0.65	−0.06 [−0.17, 0.06] P = 0.35
15–12 months	0.02 [−0.05, 0.10] P = 0.58	0.00 [−0.08, 0.08] P = 0.96	0.02 [−0.09, 0.13] P = 0.74
18–15 months	0.04 [−0.11, 0.03] P = 0.25	0.04 [−0.04, 0.12] P = 0.30	−0.09 [−0.20, 0.01] 0.08
~7.5 years-18 months	−0.04 [−0.27, 0.18] P = 0.70	−0.28 [−0.46, −0.09] P < 0.01	0.25 [−0.02, 0.53] P = 0.07

WAZ weight-for-age Z-score, L/HAZ length/height-for-age Z-score, BAZ BMI-for-age Z-score, HEU HIV-exposed, uninfected, HUU HIV-unexposed, uninfected
Sample sizes: BFPH - 1 week: WAZ - 207 HUU, 200 HEU; L/HAZ – 174 HUU, 171 HEU; BAZ – 174 HUU, 171 HEU; 6 weeks: WAZ – 178 HUU, 173 HEU; L/HAZ – 178 HUU, 174 HEU; BAZ – 178 HUU, 173 HEU; 16 weeks: WAZ – 175 HUU, 168 HEU; BAZ – 174 HUU, 168 HEU; ~2.7 years: WAZ – 107 HUU, 98 HEU; L/HAZ – 107 HUU, 98 HEU; BAZ – 107 HUU, 98 HEU; ~11.6 years: WAZ – 33 HUU, 33 HEU; L/HAZ – 33 HUU, 33 HEU, BAZ – 33 HUU, 33 HEU CIGNIS - Birth: WAZ – 574 HUU, 163 HEU; 6 months: WAZ – 580 HUU, 165 HEU; L/HAZ – 580 HUU, 165 HEU; BAZ – 580 HUU, 165 HEU; 9 months: WAZ – 506 HUU, 152 HEU; L/HAZ – 506 HUU, 152 HEU; BAZ – 506 HUU, 152 HEU; 12 months: WAZ - 470 HUU; 152 HEU; L/HAZ – 469 HUU; 151 HEU; BAZ – 469 HUU, 151 HEU; 15 months: WAZ – 446 HUU; 144 HEU; L/HAZ - 445 HUU; 142 HEU; BAZ – 445 HUU; 142 HEU; 18 months: WAZ – 446 HUU, 144 HEU; L/HAZ – 445 HUU, 141 HEU; BAZ – 445 HUU, 141 HEU; ~7.5 years: WAZ – 247 HUU; 79 HEU; L/HAZ – 247 HUU; 79 HEU; BAZ – 247 HUU, 79 HEU
^aDifference between HUU minus HEU at the later time point minus difference at the earlier time point, i.e. positive values indicate increasing differences

ISSN: 1471-2431