Laparoscopic resection of neuroblastomas in low- to high-risk patients without image-defined risk factors is safe and feasible

Table 1 Resection of abdominal neuroblastoma performed between August 2003 and 2016

	Laparotomy (n = 34)		Laparoscopy (n = 9)		p
			Total laparoscopic resection 8 (89%)	Conversion 1 (11%)
Removal	Total 18 (53%)	Partial 16 (47%)	Total 8 (100%)	Partial 1 (100%)
Age (months) ^a	45 [12–60]		28 [21.5–51]		0.300
Sex	males 12 (35%)	females 22 (65%)	males 5 (56%)	females 4 (44%)	0.440
IDRF (%)	IDRF+ 25 (74%)	IDRF− 9 (26%)	IDRF+ 2 (22%)	IDRF− 7 (78%)	*0.008* ^b
MYCN amplified	amplified 9 (26%), single 14 (41%), unknown 11 (32%)		amplified 2 (22%), single 3 (33%), unknown 4 (44%)		0.790
HVA (mg/gCr) ^a	16.1 [13.1–23.8]		18.2 [11.2–43.3]		0.702
VMA (mg/gCr) ^a	9.70 [8.9–17.8]		9.1 [4.0–24.7]		0.702
NSE (ng/mL) ^a	11.4 [9.0–15.7]		19.1 [11.0–21.0]		0.051
Largest tumor dimension (cm) ^a	4.0 [3.0–6.0]		4.3 [2.6–4.8]		0.704

IDRF image-defined risk factor, MYCN N-myc proto-oncogene protein, VMA vanillylmandelic acid, HVA homovanillic acid, NSE neuron-specific enolase
^aMedian [Interquartile range]
^bThis p value shows that the proportion of IDRF-negative patients in the laparoscopy group was significantly greater than that in the laparotomy group

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