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Table 1 Maternal sociodemographic, perinatal, and anthropometric characteristics according to group. IVAPSA cohort, Porto Alegre, September 2011–August 2015

From: Somatic growth in the first six months of life of infants exposed to maternal smoking in pregnancy

 

IUGR

(34**)

TOBACCO

(86**)

CONTROL

(153**)

TOTAL

(273)

Sociodemographic

 Ethnicity, n (%)

  White

16

(47.1)

50

(58.1)

92

(60.1)

158

(57.9)

  Black

12

(35.3)

22

(25.6)

32

(20.9)

66

(24.2)

  Othersa

6

(17.6)

14

(16.3)

29

(19.0)

49

(18.0)

 Marital status, n (%)

  Living with a partner

29

(85.3)

58

(67.4)

129

(84.3)

216

(79.1)

  Single

5

(14.7)

28

(32.6)

24

(15.7)

57

(20.9)

 Educational level, n (%)

   ≤ 8 years

9

(26.5)

43

(51.2)

49

(32.9)

101

(37.8)

  9 < 11 years

22

(64.7)

38

(45.2)

89

(59.7)

149

(55.8)

   ≥ 12 years

3

(8.80)

3

(3.60)

11

(7.40)

17

(6.40)

 Social class, n (%)

  Hight

10

(31.3)

21

(25.9)b

60

(41.4)

59

(31.7)

  Middle

17

(53.1)

52

(64.2)

73

(50.3)

106

(57.0)

  Low

5

(15.6)

8

(9.9)

12

(8.30)

21

(11.3)

 Age, x ± SD

23.79

(7.07)

24.29

(6.24)

25.79

(6.79)

25.06

(6.79)

Perinatal

 Mode of delivery, n (%)

  Cesarean section

12

(35.3)

21

(24.4)

45

(29.6)

78

(28.7)

  Vaginal delivery

22

(64.7)

65

(75.6)

107

(70.4)

194

(71.3)

 Child gender, n (%)

  Female

20

(58.8)

42

(48.8)

86

(56.2)

148

(54.2)

  Male

14

(41.2)

44

(51.2)

67

(43.8)

125

(45.8)

 Mean Apgar–5 min, x (±SD)

9.64

(0.48)

9.52

(0.62)

9.46

(0.59)

9.50

(0.59)

 Mean weight–grams (±SD)

2521.35

(29.42)

3071.45

(57.02)

3385.59

(36.78)

3179.39*

(32.50)

 Mean length–cm (±SD)

46.121

(0.28)

48.012

(0.24)

49.306

(0.16)

48.511*

(0.14)

 Mean head circumference–cm (±SD)

31.922

(0.21)

33.717

(0.14)

34.060

(0.12)

33.695*

(0.09)

Anthropometric

 Pre-pregnancy BMI, n (%)

  Underweight (<18.5 Kg/m2)

0

(0.00)

1

(2.10)

2

(1.90)

3

(1.70)

  Normal weight (≥8.5 ≤ 24.9 Kg/m2)

19

(76.0)

25

(52.1)

62

(58.5)

106

(59.2)

  Overweight (>24.9 ≤ 29.9 Kg/m2)

2

(8.00)

13

(27.1)

29

(27.4)

44

(24.6)

  Obese (> 29.9 Kg/m2)

4

(16.0)

9

(18.8)

13

(12.3)

26

(14.5)

  Gestational weight gain (Kg) (SD)

11.53

(5.80)

14.00

(6.89)

13.41

(6.71)

13.36

(6.68)

  1. aOthers: asian, brown and native brasilian
  2. bThe education level of tobacco group was significantly lower than the other groups (p = 0.036)
  3. * The perinatal variables birth weight, birth length, and head circumference at birth were statistically significant (p < 0.001). The other variables did not show statistically difference between the groups (p > 0.05 in the chi-square test for categorical variables and Student’s t test for parametric continuous variables)
  4. ** Number (proportion) of missing data: Educational level n = 6 (2,19%), social class n = 15 (5.5%), mode of delivery n = 1 (0.36%), Mean apgar 5 min n = 3 (1,09), Mean weight n = 1 (0,36), Mean length n = 4 (1,46), Mean head circumference n = 7 (2,56), pre-pregnancy BMI n = 94 (34,43%), and gestational weight gain n = 38 (13.91%)
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BMC Pediatrics

ISSN: 1471-2431

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