Table 3 Summary of biomarker measures of infants in the three study groups

Urinary F2-Isoprostane

N = 7

N = 7

N = 8

N = 8

N = 10

N = 10

0.3

0.5 (Cer vs M)

(ng/mg) (n = 25)

0.45 ± 0.81

0.52 ± 0.78

0.35 ± 0.47

0.41 ± 0.08

0.48 ± 0.14

0.68 ± 0.12

0.5 (Cer vs Cer + Fr)

Fecal iron

N = 22

N = 22

N = 26

N = 26

N = 29

N = 29

<0.001*

<0.001* (Cer vs M)

(Fe g/feces) (n = 77)

3.9 ± 0.37

5.6 ± 0.38

3.9 ± 0.32

4.7 ± 0.34

2.9 ± 0.25

3.7 ± 0.25

0.014* (Cer + Fr vs M)

Fecal ROS

N = 16

N = 16

N = 21

N = 21

N = 29

N = 29

0.002*

0.6 (Cer vs M)

(mmol/l) (n = 66)

0.024 ± 0.007

0.037 ± 0.006

0.014 ± 0.003

0.031 ± 0.005

0.023 ± 0.004

0.028 ± 0.003

0.3 (Cer vs Cer + Fr)

Fecal calprotectin

N = 14

N = 14

N = 19

N = 19

N = 10

N = 10

0.004*

0.07 (Cer vs Cer + Fr)

(mg/g feces) (n = 43)

111.0 ± 12

122.3 ± 13

93.73 ± 12

154.5 ± 23

108.1 ± 11

131.9 ± 18

0.9 (Cer vs M)