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Table 2 KIDSCREEN-27, KIDSCREEN-10 Index and Visual analogue scale (VAS) scores and its 95% confidence interval (95% CI) according to sociodemographic and clinical variables

From: Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and its associated factors in children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM)

 

Physical well being

Psychological well-being

Parents/Autonomy

Peers

School

KIDSCREEN-10 index

VAS

Total

46.4 (44.8–48.0)

49.7 (48.0–51.3)

50.5 (49.1–51.9)

53.6 (52.1–55.2)

52.0 (50.4–53.6)

49.6 (42.2–51.0)

80.2 (77.6–82.7)

Age

 8–11y

49.2 (46.3–52.0)

52.5 (49.7–55.4)

50.9 (48.3–53.5)

55.6 (52.7–58.5)

56.1 (53.3–58.9)

53.3 (50.6–56.1)

85.9 (82.3–89.5)

 12–19y

45.4 (43.5–47.3)

48.6 (46.7–50.6)

50.4 (48.8–52.1)

52.9 (51.1–54.8)

50.6 (48.7–52.4)

48.3 (46.7–49.9)

78.1 (75.1–81.2)

Sex

 Boys

47.4 (45.3–49.5)

50.0 (48.1–51.9)

50.2 (48.3–52.0)

54.3 (52.1–56.4)

49.7(47.8–51.7)

49.6 (47.9–51.2)

80.0 (76.4–83.5)

 Girls

45.6 (43.2–48.0)

49.4 (46.7–52.0)

50.9 (48.8–52.9)

53.1 (50.8–55.3)

54.0 (51.6–56.4)

49.7 (47.4–51.9)

80.3 (76.8–83.9)

Type of family

 Biparental

47.4 (45.6–49.1)

50.1 (48.3–51.8)

51.0 (49.5–52.5)

54.0 (52.3–55.7)

52.3 (50.6–54.1)

49.9 (48.4–51.5)

81.4 (78.7–84.0)

 Monoparental

41.5 (38.2–44.1)

47.9 (42.6–53.3)

47.9 (43.9–51.9)

50.5 (46.4–50.7)

50.0 (45.9–54.1)

47.4 (43.9–51.0)

75.5 (69.2–81.9)

Highest family level of education

 Primary school

45.2 (42.4–48.1)

49.0 (46.3–51.8)

49.5 (47.5–51.6)

52.8 (50.3–55.3)

52.0 (49.4–54.5)

49.2 (46.8–51.6)

80.2 (76.2–84.1)

 Secondary school

46.7 (44.2–49.3)

50.2 (47.3–53.1)

51.6 (49.1–54.1)

53.3 (50.8–55.9)

52.0 (49.5–54.4)

50.0 (47.9–52.1)

79.5 (75.3–83.8)

 University degree

47.9 (45.2–50.5)

50.1 (47.1–53.1)

50.2 (47.3–53.2)

55.0 (51.7–58.3)

51.9 (48.1–55.7)

49.3 (45.9–52.7)

83.0 (78.9–87.0)

Changes during the last 3 months

 No changes on treatment

47.2 (45.4–48.9)

50.4 (48.5–52.3)

50.8 (49.2–52.4)

53.9 (52.2–55.6)

52.2 (50.4–53.9)

50.2 (48.7–51.7)

81.6 (78.9–84.2)

 Changes on diet/nutrition

42.4 (37.8–46–9)

45.7 (42.2–49.3)

50.1 (46.5–53.8)

51.6 (47.2–61.6)

50.6 (46.6–54.7)

46.7 (42.6–50.9)

71.7 (63.7–79.6)

 Bolus calculator

42.2 (36.0–48.3)

46.4 (39.6–53.1)

47.1 (40.9–53.4)

52.1 (43.2–61.1)

51.0 (43.2–58.8)

46.1 (38.1–54.1)

77.2 (78.0–86.4)

Hypoglycemia

 Yes

51.8 (40.3–63.2)

60.5 (53.1–68.0)

49.2 (45.2–53.1)

57.9 (48.5–67.4)

65.5 (60.1–70.9)

59.9 (52.0–67.7)

90.6 (86.0–95.2)

 No

46.3 (44.6–47.9)

49.4 (47.7–51.1)

50.6 (49.1–52.0)

53.5 (51.9–55.1)

51.7 (50.1–53.3)

49.4 (48.0–50.8)

79.9 (77.4–82.5)

Hyperglycemia

 Yes

41.9 (35.3–48.4)

45.4 (37.9–52.9)

50.2 (46.3–54.2)

50.0 (42.7–57.4)

50.7 (44.1–57.4)

47.2 (41.8–52.7)

70.2 (58.9–81.4)

 No

46.8 (45.1–48.4)

50.0 (48.3–51.7)

50.6 (49.1–52.1)

53.9 (52.3–55.5)

52.1 (50.4–53.8)

49.8 (48.3–51.3)

81.0 (78.4–83.5)

HbAc1

  > 7.5% (58 mmol/mol)

44.3 (42.1–46.9)

48.4 (46.0–50.8)

49.7 (47.9–51.5)

51.9 (48.9–53.2)

51.1 (48.9–53.2)

48.0 (46.3–49.6)

77.3 (73.4–81.1)

 ≤7.5% (58 mmol/mol)

48.3 (46.1–50.6)

50.8 (48.5–53.2)

51.3 (49.2–53.4)

55.2 (53.1–57.4)

52.9 (50.6–55.3)

51.2 (48.9–53.4)

82.9 (79.7–86.0)

Time w/diagnoses

 ≤5 years

47.5 (45.4–49.5)

50.6 (48.6–52.6)

51.0 (49.4–52.6)

54.8 (52.9–56.8)

52.9 (50.8–54.9)

50.7 (48.8–52.5)

79.9 (76.9–83.0)

  > 5 years

44.8 (42.2–47.4)

48.2 (45.3–51.1)

49.8 (47.2–52.4)

51.8 (49.2–54.4)

50.8 (48.3–53.3)

48.0 (45.8–50.2)

80.5 (76.1–84.9)

Adherence

 High

48.6 (46.6–50.6)

51.2 (48.7–53.1)

50.4 (48.5–52.6)

54.0 (51.6–56.5)

52.6 (50.1–55.1)

51.1 (48.9–53.3)

82.7 (79.5–85.8)

 Low

43.9 (41.8–46.1)

48.2 (46.1–50.3)

50.5 (48.5–52.3)

53.1 (51.2–55.0)

51.4 (49.4–53.4)

48.3 (46.6–50.1)

78.2 (74.4–82.4)