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Table 3 Kaplan-Meier (unadjusted) and Cox proportional regression (adjusted) analyses for age at attainment of milestones for HIV-infected infants stratified by ART responses and ART regimen and compared with HIV-unexposed uninfected infants

From: Comparison of developmental milestone attainment in early treated HIV-infected infants versus HIV-unexposed infants: a prospective cohort study

 

Unadjusted b

Adjusted c

 

Na

Median (IQR) Months

P

HR (95% CI)

P

Walking unsupported

 HUU-reference

69

13 (11, 14)

   

 HIV+, 6-mo VL <1000 c/mL

28

15 (13, 16)

0.0009

0.58 (0.36, 0.92)

0.02*

 HIV+, 6-mo VL ≥1000 c/mL

25

16 (13, 20)

0.0001

0.43 (0.24, 0.76)

0.004

 HIV+, 6-mo CD4% ≥25%

27

14 (13, 15)

0.02

0.73 (0.46, 1.16)

0.2*

 HIV+, 6-mo CD4% <25%

27

17 (13, 20)

<0.0001

0.35 (0.19, 0.61)

<0.001

 HIV+, 6-mo WAZ ≥ −2

38

15 (13, 16)

0.001

0.59 (0.39, 0.90)

0.014*

 HIV+, 6-mo WAZ < −2

15

17 (13, 22)

<0.0001

0.26 (0.13, 0.53)

<0.001

Monosyllabic speech

 HUU-reference

72

12 (10, 13)

 

-

-

 HIV+, 6-mo VL <1000 c/mL

28

15 (12, 16)

<0.0001

0.28 (0.16, 0.46)

<0.001*

 HIV+, 6-mo VL ≥1000 c/mL

24

15 (14, 19)

<0.0001

0.20 (0.11, 0.36)

<0.001

 HIV+, 6-mo CD4% ≥25%

27

14 (12, 16)

<0.0001

0.33 (0.21, 0.55)

<0.001*

 HIV+, 6-mo CD4% <25%

26

16 (14, 19)

<0.0001

0.14 (0.08, 0.27)

<0.001

 HIV+, 6-mo WAZ ≥ −2

37

14 (13, 16)

<0.0001

0.26 (0.16, 0.42)

<0.001*

 HIV+, 6-mo WAZ < −2

15

16 (15, 19)

<0.0001

0.15 (0.07, 0.29)

<0.001

  1. HUU HIV-unexposed uninfected, HIV+  HIV-infected, IQR interquartile range, CI confidence interval, VL plasma viral load (HIV RNA), WAZ weight - for - age Z-score
  2. aN, number of events
  3. b Comparison of each group of HIV-infected infants vs HIV-unexposed uninfected infants (HUU) using log - rank tests
  4. c Cox regression analyses adjusted for monthly household rent. For comparisons of effective viral load and CD4%, adjustment was also made for WAZ < −2 at 9 months of age (approximately 6 months after initiating ART)
  5. *Using Bonferroni to account for 6 multiple comparisons, P-values <0.008 were considered statistically significant