Variable | Normal n(%) | Malnourished n(%) | Unadjusted OR [95% CI] | Adjusted OR [95% CI] | P |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age of caregiver in years | |||||
< 25 | 4 (22.2) | 14 (77.8) | 1 | ||
25–29 | 4 (36.4) | 7 (63.6) | 0.5 [0.10–2.62] | ||
30 or + | 6 (40.0) | 9 (60.0) | 0.4 [0.09–1.95] | ||
Level of education | |||||
Tertiary | 1 (33.3) | 2 (66.7) | 1 | ||
Secondary | 7 (46.7) | 8 (53.3) | 0.6 [0.04–7.74] | ||
Primary | 6 (25.0) | 18 (75.0) | 1.5 [0.11–19.64] | ||
Uneducated | 0 (0.0) | 2 (100) | 1 | ||
HIV status | |||||
Positive | 2 (66.7) | 1 (33.3) | 1 | ||
Negative | 10 (28.6) | 25 (71.4) | 5 [0.41–61.52] | ||
Unknown | 2 (33.3) | 4 (66.7) | 4 [0.21–75.66] | ||
Obtained post-delivery information | |||||
Yes | 11 (40.7) | 16 (59.3) | 1 | ||
No | 3 (17.7) | 14 (82.4) | 3.2 [0.74–13.87] | 3.8[0.57–25.28] | 0.17 |
Most common feeding pattern | |||||
Breast milk-based | 5 (23.8) | 16 (76.2) | 1 | ||
Complimentary milk | 9 (39.1) | 14 (60.9) | 0.5 [0.13–1.80] | ||
Type of complimentary milk | |||||
Cow | 11 (35.5) | 20 (64.5) | 1 | ||
Formula | 2 (33.3) | 4 (66.7) | 1.1 [0.17–7.00] | ||
Reasons for not breastfeeding | |||||
Mother has no milk | 2 (28.6) | 5 (71.4) | 1 | ||
Baby unable to suckle | 7 (29.2) | 17 (70.8) | 1.0[0.15–6.25] | ||
Baby doesn’t take enough | 1 (33.3) | 2 (66.7) | 0.8 [0.04–14.64] | ||
Category of feeds per day | |||||
< 10 | 2 (15.4) | 11 (84.6) | 3.5 [0.65–18.47] | 4.9[0.78–31.13] | 0.09 |
10 or + | 12 (38.7) | 19 (61.3) | 1 | ||
Age of baby in months | |||||
< 4 | 9 (26.5) | 25 (73.5) | 1 | ||
4-10 | 5 (50.0) | 5 (50.0) | 0.4 [0.08–1.54] | ||
Gender of baby | |||||
Male | 8 (34.8) | 15 (65.2) | 1 | ||
Female | 6 (28.6) | 15 (71.4) | 1.3 [0.37–4.78] | ||
Birth weight category in Kg | |||||
< 3 | 2 (18.2) | 9 (81.8) | 3.5 [0.63–19.82] | 3.4 [0.52–21.71] | 0.2 |
3 or + | 11 (44.0) | 14 (56.0) | 1 | ||
Other congenital anomalies | |||||
Yes | 2 (20.0) | 8 (80.0) | 2.2 [0.40-11.96] | ||
No | 12 (35.3) | 22 (64.7) | 1 | ||
Category of cleft | |||||
Unilateral cleft palate and/or lip | 6 (23.1) | 20 (76.9) | 1 | ||
Bilateral cleft lip and palate | 8 (44.4) | 10 (25.6) | 0.4 [0.10-1.38] |